Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components and the Risk of Head and Neck Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IF 3.1 2区医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY

Cancer Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI:10.1002/cam4.71262

Qingling Wang, Shiduo Guo, Ruizhe Huang, Zhenju Xu, Dapeng Liang, Yichuan Huang, Yubo Sun, Weiqi Yang, Liwei Jiang

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Abstract

Background

The relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and head and neck cancer (HNC) remains controversial. The present meta-analysis evaluated the association between MetS and the risk of developing HNC.

Methods

A literature search was conducted across various databases, including Embase, Cochrane, PubMed, and Web of Science, to identify studies investigating the relationship between MetS and the risk of HNC.

Results

Twelve studies involving 55,692 participants were included. We found limited evidence of an association between MetS and the risk of developing HNC (RR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0–1.2, p = 0.07, I² = 94%). Similar results were observed for HNC subtypes. Components of MetS revealed that underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m²) was associated with an increased risk of HNC (RR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.5–1.9, p < 0.001). Low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (RR = 1.0, 95% CI: 1.0–1.1, p = 0.003), hypertension (RR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0–1.1, p = 0.007), and diabetes (RR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0–1.2, p = 0.001) were associated with a minimal increase in the risk of HNC. However, high low-density lipoproteins (LDL) cholesterol levels (RR = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.7–0.9, p < 0.001) and high total cholesterol levels (RR = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.9–0.9; p < 0.001) were associated with a reduced risk of HNC. Additionally, an increasing number of MetS components was associated with a higher risk of HNC.

Conclusions

In conclusion, our meta-analysis found little evidence of an association between MetS and the risk of developing HNC. However, high LDL and total cholesterol levels may be associated with a reduced risk of HNC, while being underweight may be associated with increased risk of HNC. These results need to be interpreted with caution due to the limited number of supporting studies.

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代谢综合征及其成分与头颈癌风险的关系：一项系统综述和荟萃分析

背景代谢综合征（MetS）与头颈癌（HNC）之间的关系仍然存在争议。本荟萃分析评估了MetS与发生HNC风险之间的关系。方法在Embase、Cochrane、PubMed和Web of Science等数据库中进行文献检索，以确定研究MetS与HNC风险之间关系的研究。结果纳入12项研究，55,692名受试者。我们发现met与发生HNC风险之间存在关联的有限证据（RR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0-1.2, p = 0.07, I2 = 94%）。在HNC亚型中也观察到类似的结果。代谢当量成分显示，体重过轻（BMI 18.5 kg/m2）与HNC风险增加相关（RR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.5-1.9, p < 0.001）。低高密度脂蛋白（HDL）胆固醇水平（RR = 1.0, 95% CI: 1.0 - 1.1, p = 0.003）、高血压（RR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0 - 1.1, p = 0.007）和糖尿病（RR = 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0 - 1.2, p = 0.001）与HNC风险的轻微增加相关。然而，高低密度脂蛋白（LDL）胆固醇水平（RR = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.7-0.9, p < 0.001）和高总胆固醇水平（RR = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.9 - 0.9, p < 0.001）与HNC风险降低相关。此外，越来越多的MetS成分与HNC的高风险相关。总之，我们的荟萃分析发现很少有证据表明MetS与发生HNC的风险之间存在关联。然而，低密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇水平高可能与HNC风险降低有关，而体重过轻可能与HNC风险增加有关。由于支持研究的数量有限，这些结果需要谨慎解释。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Cancer Medicine ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

2.50%

发文量

907

审稿时长

19 weeks

期刊介绍： Cancer Medicine is a peer-reviewed, open access, interdisciplinary journal providing rapid publication of research from global biomedical researchers across the cancer sciences. The journal will consider submissions from all oncologic specialties, including, but not limited to, the following areas: Clinical Cancer Research Translational research ∙ clinical trials ∙ chemotherapy ∙ radiation therapy ∙ surgical therapy ∙ clinical observations ∙ clinical guidelines ∙ genetic consultation ∙ ethical considerations Cancer Biology: Molecular biology ∙ cellular biology ∙ molecular genetics ∙ genomics ∙ immunology ∙ epigenetics ∙ metabolic studies ∙ proteomics ∙ cytopathology ∙ carcinogenesis ∙ drug discovery and delivery. Cancer Prevention: Behavioral science ∙ psychosocial studies ∙ screening ∙ nutrition ∙ epidemiology and prevention ∙ community outreach. Bioinformatics: Gene expressions profiles ∙ gene regulation networks ∙ genome bioinformatics ∙ pathwayanalysis ∙ prognostic biomarkers. Cancer Medicine publishes original research articles, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and research methods papers, along with invited editorials and commentaries. Original research papers must report well-conducted research with conclusions supported by the data presented in the paper.