Daytime Thermospheric Wind Transients and Circulation in May 2021

IF 2.9 2区 地球科学 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
Thomas J. Immel, Lily Oglesby, Brian J. Harding, Astrid Maute, Yen-Jung Wu, Romina Nikoukar, Colin Triplett
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Abstract

Changes in the thermospheric wind originating in storm-time transients in high-latitude Joule heating and ion circulation are effective in modifying conditions throughout Earth's upper atmosphere and ionosphere. Among the effects these drivers can produce are large-scale gravity waves (GWs), characterized by significant wind transients that propagate away from the auroral zone, driving transient ion motion during their 1–2 hr passage. Longer period changes in mean winds can develop over the following hours to days, depending on the duration and magnitude of the high latitude heating, and also extend globally. The effectiveness of these processes in modifying the mean density of the daytime ionosphere likely depends on the extent to which these disturbances reach the daytime equatorial region and downward into the E-region wind dynamo (below ${\sim} $ 180 km). A study of a month of observations made during the ICON mission reveals the variety of behaviors with both transient effects and longer-term changes in mean winds. The duration of auroral inputs, as opposed to the average input over time, is identified as important to the development of dynamo-modifying zonal disturbance winds. During geomagnetic disturbances, we find that the predictive capability of a general circulation model (TIEGCM) for meridional wind transport is good (R > ${ >} $ .8) while the storm-time zonal wind transport is harder to predict (R > ${ >} $ .5). This study is the first of its kind, measuring winds and storm responses continuously for a month in both the daytime E- and F- regions simultaneously with ${\sim} $ 97 min cadence.

Abstract Image

2021年5月白天热层风的瞬态和环流
高纬度焦耳加热和离子环流中源自风暴时瞬变的热层风的变化有效地改变了整个地球高层大气和电离层的状况。这些驱动因素可以产生的影响之一是大尺度重力波(GWs),其特征是明显的风瞬态从极光区传播出去,在1-2小时的传播过程中驱动瞬态离子运动。根据高纬度升温的持续时间和强度,平均风的较长周期变化可能在接下来的数小时到数天内发生,而且还会延伸到全球。这些过程在改变白天电离层平均密度方面的有效性可能取决于这些扰动到达白天赤道区并向下进入e区风力发电机的程度(低于180公里)。在ICON任务期间对一个月的观测进行的研究揭示了平均风的瞬态效应和长期变化的各种行为。与一段时间内的平均输入相反,极光输入的持续时间被认为对改变发电机的纬向扰动风的发展很重要。在地磁扰动期间,我们发现一般环流模式(TIEGCM)对经向风输运的预测能力较好(R > ${>} $)。8)而风暴时纬向风输运更难预测(R > ${>} $ .5)。这项研究是同类研究中的第一次,在白天的E-和F-地区同时连续测量一个月的风和风暴响应,周期约为97分钟。
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来源期刊
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics Earth and Planetary Sciences-Geophysics
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
35.70%
发文量
570
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