Toward Energy-Efficient Alkaline Water Electrolysis: Advances in Mass Transport Optimization and Electrolyzer Design

IF 26 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Advanced Energy Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-25 DOI:10.1002/aenm.202504039

Qian Zhang, Yawen Hao, Hongjun Chen, Jialu Li, Yifan Zeng, Jinqi Xiong, Yaoti Cheng, Antonio Tricoli, Fengwang Li

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Abstract

Alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) offers a promising route for scalable renewable hydrogen production but is constrained by significant multiscale mass-transport challenges that limit its efficiency and durability. Recent advances in hierarchical membrane structures, gradient porous electrodes, and optimized flow-field designs have enhanced ionic conductivity, gas separation, and electrolyte distribution. Concurrently, innovative bubble-management strategies, including surface modifications and external-field assistance, effectively mitigate gas-induced transport bottlenecks. Looking forward, emerging intelligent interface platforms that integrate adaptive materials, embedded sensors, and AI-driven digital twins promise real-time mass transport control and predictive system optimization. This review synthesizes critical progress and outlines future pathways, emphasizing that integrated materials-to-system approaches are essential for advancing robust, efficient, and economically viable hydrogen production.

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迈向节能碱性电解：质量传递优化和电解槽设计的进展

碱性水电解（AWE）为大规模可再生制氢提供了一条有前景的途径，但受到多尺度大规模运输挑战的限制，限制了其效率和耐用性。分层膜结构、梯度多孔电极和优化流场设计的最新进展增强了离子电导率、气体分离和电解质分布。同时，创新的气泡管理策略，包括表面改造和外部现场辅助，有效缓解了气致运输瓶颈。展望未来，集成自适应材料、嵌入式传感器和人工智能驱动的数字孪生的新兴智能接口平台有望实现实时大规模运输控制和预测系统优化。本综述综合了关键进展并概述了未来的途径，强调材料到系统的集成方法对于推进稳健、高效和经济可行的氢气生产至关重要。

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来源期刊

Advanced Energy Materials CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL-ENERGY & FUELS

CiteScore

41.90

自引率

4.00%

发文量

889

审稿时长

1.4 months

期刊介绍： Established in 2011, Advanced Energy Materials is an international, interdisciplinary, English-language journal that focuses on materials used in energy harvesting, conversion, and storage. It is regarded as a top-quality journal alongside Advanced Materials, Advanced Functional Materials, and Small. With a 2022 Impact Factor of 27.8, Advanced Energy Materials is considered a prime source for the best energy-related research. The journal covers a wide range of topics in energy-related research, including organic and inorganic photovoltaics, batteries and supercapacitors, fuel cells, hydrogen generation and storage, thermoelectrics, water splitting and photocatalysis, solar fuels and thermosolar power, magnetocalorics, and piezoelectronics. The readership of Advanced Energy Materials includes materials scientists, chemists, physicists, and engineers in both academia and industry. The journal is indexed in various databases and collections, such as Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database, FIZ Karlsruhe, INSPEC (IET), Science Citation Index Expanded, Technology Collection, and Web of Science, among others.