Association Between Social Vulnerability and Infection-Induced SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence Among Children: United States, 2021-2022.

IF 2.5 4区医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Public Health Reports Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI:10.1177/00333549251362041

Yun Kim, Ronaldo Iachan, Marjorie Biel, Jefferson M Jones, Anna Bratcher, Kristie E N Clarke

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: Understanding the differential burden of pediatric SARS-CoV-2 infection by social factors is important to guide public health action. We evaluated the associations between county-level social vulnerability and infection-induced SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence and how associations changed over time.

Methods: We analyzed pediatric national serosurvey data from 50 US states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico from September 2021 through December 2022 (N = 216 273). Specifically, we estimated adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) of SARS-CoV-2 antibody seropositivity across terciles of overall county Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) scores and vulnerability scores across the 4 SVI domains: socioeconomic status, household characteristics, racial and ethnic minority status, and housing and transportation. We conducted multilevel mixed-effects Poisson models with robust variance estimation of the association of seropositivity with scores for SVI and its domains over time, adjusting for age, sex, rural/urban status, US Census region, and county vaccination rates.

Results: In September 2021, children residing in the highest (APR = 1.4) and medium (APR = 1.2) tercile counties by SVI score were more likely to have serologic evidence of past SARS-CoV-2 infection than those residing in the lowest tercile counties. This association attenuated over time; domain-specific vulnerability scores for socioeconomic status and household characteristics displayed similar associations and temporal patterns.

Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the dynamic nature of pediatric health during a public health emergency. The results reinforce the importance of data systems that allow public health agencies to be responsive through tailored strategies to support children experiencing the greatest health effects, thereby advancing opportunities for all people to attain their highest level of health.

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2021-2022年美国儿童感染诱导的SARS-CoV-2抗体血清阳性率与社会脆弱性之间的关系

目的：了解社会因素对儿童SARS-CoV-2感染差异负担的影响，对指导公共卫生行动具有重要意义。我们评估了县级社会脆弱性与感染诱导的SARS-CoV-2抗体血清阳性率之间的关系，以及这种关系如何随时间变化。方法：我们分析了2021年9月至2022年12月期间来自美国50个州、哥伦比亚特区和波多黎各的儿童全国血清调查数据（N = 216273）。具体而言，我们估计了县总体社会脆弱性指数（SVI）得分和社会经济地位、家庭特征、种族和少数民族地位以及住房和交通等4个SVI领域中SARS-CoV-2抗体血清阳性的调整患病率（APRs）。我们进行了多水平混合效应泊松模型，对血清阳性与SVI评分及其域随时间的相关性进行了稳健方差估计，并对年龄、性别、农村/城市状况、美国人口普查地区和县疫苗接种率进行了调整。结果：2021年9月，居住在SVI评分最高（APR = 1.4）和中等（APR = 1.2）县的儿童比居住在最低水平县的儿童更容易有既往SARS-CoV-2感染的血清学证据。这种联系随着时间的推移而减弱；特定领域的社会经济地位和家庭特征的脆弱性得分显示出类似的关联和时间模式。结论：我们的研究结果证明了突发公共卫生事件中儿科健康的动态性质。这些结果强调了数据系统的重要性，使公共卫生机构能够通过量身定制的战略作出反应，支持遭受最大健康影响的儿童，从而增加所有人实现最高健康水平的机会。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Public Health Reports 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

5.00

自引率

6.10%

发文量

164

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Public Health Reports is the official journal of the Office of the U.S. Surgeon General and the U.S. Public Health Service and has been published since 1878. It is published bimonthly, plus supplement issues, through an official agreement with the Association of Schools and Programs of Public Health. The journal is peer-reviewed and publishes original research and commentaries in the areas of public health practice and methodology, original research, public health law, and public health schools and teaching. Issues contain regular commentaries by the U.S. Surgeon General and executives of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health. The journal focuses upon such topics as tobacco control, teenage violence, occupational disease and injury, immunization, drug policy, lead screening, health disparities, and many other key and emerging public health issues. In addition to the six regular issues, PHR produces supplemental issues approximately 2-5 times per year which focus on specific topics that are of particular interest to our readership. The journal''s contributors are on the front line of public health and they present their work in a readable and accessible format.