A discussion on the application of fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography in the research of cognitive dysfunction in diabetes.

IF 1.6 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Open Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-12 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1515/med-2025-1254
Qisheng Liu, Shaobing Dai, Bing Yan, Yutong Gan, Hao Jiang, Yan Chen, Qixuan Li, Lingjie Li, Kaiyuan Zou, Yurong Liu
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Abstract

Objectives: This review explores the application value of fluorescence micro-optical sectioning tomography (fMOST) in diabetes-related cognitive dysfunction research, emphasizing its unique capacity to resolve microstructural alterations in neural circuits and vascular networks, thereby offering novel insights into the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetic cognitive impairment.

Methods: Existing literature was analyzed to evaluate fMOST's principles and capabilities, including its achievement of whole-brain three-dimensional imaging at sub-micron resolution, simultaneous acquisition of neuronal morphology (soma, dendritic spines, axonal terminals) and vascular networks, and integration with fluorescent labeling to trace prefrontal cortical pyramidal neuron projections under pathological conditions.

Results: fMOST technology revealed the critical role of neurovascular coupling dysfunction in diabetic cognitive impairment, demonstrating that interactive damage between neurons and vasculature collectively drives disease progression. In type 2 diabetic models, it identified abnormal synaptic structures in prefrontal/hippocampal pyramidal neurons, vascular network remodeling, and disrupted brain connectivity. Compared to conventional imaging (magnetic resonance imaging/positron emission tomography), fMOST enables concurrent quantitative analysis of synaptic-level neural circuits and microangiopathy, overcoming the resolution limitations of macroscopic imaging.

Conclusion: fMOST serves as an indispensable high-precision, multi-scale imaging tool for investigating diabetic cognitive impairment. Future priorities include elucidating dynamic neurovascular unit interactions in diabetic encephalopathy, developing neural circuit-targeted interventions, and advancing interdisciplinary integration to accelerate clinical translation.

荧光显微成像技术在糖尿病认知功能障碍研究中的应用探讨。
目的:本文探讨了荧光显微光学断层扫描(fMOST)在糖尿病相关认知功能障碍研究中的应用价值,强调了其在神经回路和血管网络微观结构改变方面的独特能力,从而为2型糖尿病认知功能障碍的发病机制提供了新的见解。方法:分析现有文献,评价fMOST的原理和功能,包括实现亚微米分辨率的全脑三维成像,同时获取神经元形态(体细胞、树突棘、轴突终末)和血管网络,结合荧光标记追踪病理状态下前额皮质锥体神经元的投射。结果:fMOST技术揭示了神经血管偶联功能障碍在糖尿病认知障碍中的关键作用,表明神经元和血管之间的相互作用损伤共同驱动疾病进展。在2型糖尿病模型中,发现前额叶/海马锥体神经元突触结构异常,血管网络重塑,大脑连通性中断。与传统成像(磁共振成像/正电子发射断层扫描)相比,fMOST可以同时定量分析突触水平的神经回路和微血管病变,克服了宏观成像的分辨率限制。结论:fMOST是研究糖尿病认知功能障碍不可缺少的高精度、多尺度成像工具。未来的重点包括阐明糖尿病性脑病的动态神经血管单位相互作用,发展神经回路靶向干预,推进跨学科整合以加速临床转化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Open Medicine
Open Medicine Medicine-General Medicine
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
153
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: Open Medicine is an open access journal that provides users with free, instant, and continued access to all content worldwide. The primary goal of the journal has always been a focus on maintaining the high quality of its published content. Its mission is to facilitate the exchange of ideas between medical science researchers from different countries. Papers connected to all fields of medicine and public health are welcomed. Open Medicine accepts submissions of research articles, reviews, case reports, letters to editor and book reviews.
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