Low Birth Weight and Bruxism Among Brazilian Children: A Prospective Cohort Study.

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of oral rehabilitation Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI:10.1111/joor.70043

Erika Bárbara Abreu Fonseca Thomaz, Elisa Miranda Costa, Érica Martins Valois, Magda Lyce Rodrigues Campos, Cecília Cláudia Costa Ribeiro, Cláudia Maria Coelho Alves, Maria Carmen Fontoura Nogueira da Cruz

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Bruxism in childhood is a multifactorial condition, involving socioeconomic status (SES), psychological conditions and lifestyle habits capable of acting, interacting or mediating the development of oral health outcomes. The link between perinatal factors, like low birth weight (LBW) and bruxism remains unclear. Identifying early risk factors may offer a key opportunity for intervention.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of LBW on bruxism in childhood, considering adjustment for SES and mediation by exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for 6 months, pacifier use and mental health problems.

Methods: This Brazilian prospective cohort included 673 live birth children followed up at 7-9 years old. LBW (< 2500 g) was obtained from the medical record after childbirth. Bruxism was reported by the children's parents/guardians as the habit (current or previous) of clenching or grinding teeth during the day or night. The analyses used structural equation modelling, estimating standardised coefficients (SC) (α = 5%).

Results: LBW showed a total (SC = 0.199; p = 0.045) and direct effect (SC = 0.207; p = 0.037) on childhood bruxism. EBF had a direct effect (SC = -0.190; p = 0.043) and an indirect effect on bruxism, mediated by pacifier use (SC = 0.082; p = 0.028). The construct showed all adequate (SC > 0.3) and significant (p< 0.001).

Conclusion: LBW is a potential risk factor for bruxism in childhood, but this relationship is not explained by EBF, pacifier use or mental health problems. Shorter EBF duration and pacifier use are direct risk factors for bruxism in schoolchildren. Prevention should focus on prenatal care, promoting EBF for 6 months and avoiding pacifier use.

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巴西儿童低出生体重和磨牙症：一项前瞻性队列研究。

背景：儿童磨牙症是一个多因素的疾病，涉及社会经济地位（SES）、心理状况和生活习惯，这些因素能够作用、相互作用或调节口腔健康结果的发展。围产期因素，如低出生体重（LBW）和磨牙之间的联系尚不清楚。识别早期风险因素可能为干预提供关键机会。目的：考虑6个月纯母乳喂养（EBF）、安抚奶嘴的使用和心理健康问题，评估LBW对儿童磨牙症的影响。方法：这个巴西前瞻性队列包括673名7-9岁的活产儿童。结果：LBW对儿童磨牙有总效（SC = 0.199, p = 0.045）和直接效（SC = 0.207, p = 0.037）。EBF对磨牙有直接影响（SC = -0.190; p = 0.043）和间接影响（SC = 0.082; p = 0.028）。结论：低体重是儿童磨牙的潜在危险因素，但这种关系不能用低体重、使用奶嘴或心理健康问题来解释。较短的EBF持续时间和奶嘴的使用是学童磨牙的直接危险因素。预防应侧重于产前护理，促进6个月EBF和避免使用安抚奶嘴。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of oral rehabilitation 医学-牙科与口腔外科

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

10.30%

发文量

116

审稿时长

4-8 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Oral Rehabilitation aims to be the most prestigious journal of dental research within all aspects of oral rehabilitation and applied oral physiology. It covers all diagnostic and clinical management aspects necessary to re-establish a subjective and objective harmonious oral function. Oral rehabilitation may become necessary as a result of developmental or acquired disturbances in the orofacial region, orofacial traumas, or a variety of dental and oral diseases (primarily dental caries and periodontal diseases) and orofacial pain conditions. As such, oral rehabilitation in the twenty-first century is a matter of skilful diagnosis and minimal, appropriate intervention, the nature of which is intimately linked to a profound knowledge of oral physiology, oral biology, and dental and oral pathology. The scientific content of the journal therefore strives to reflect the best of evidence-based clinical dentistry. Modern clinical management should be based on solid scientific evidence gathered about diagnostic procedures and the properties and efficacy of the chosen intervention (e.g. material science, biological, toxicological, pharmacological or psychological aspects). The content of the journal also reflects documentation of the possible side-effects of rehabilitation, and includes prognostic perspectives of the treatment modalities chosen.