People living with HIV on modern antiretrovirals do not display a pro-atherogenic lipid profile and have similar body composition compared to healthy controls.

IF 3.2 3区 医学 Q2 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
HIV Medicine Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI:10.1111/hiv.70118
S Savinelli, A Heeney, W Tinago, A A Garcia Leon, P McGettrick, A G Cotter, I Walsh, M Fitzgibbon, C A Sabin, P W G Mallon, E R Feeney
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Abstract

Objectives: Alterations in lipids and apolipoproteins contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and are common in people with HIV. The aim of our study was to compare lipid profiles and body composition between people with and without HIV and to explore whether any associations with HIV could be explained by socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and body composition.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study enrolling people with HIV and HIV-negative controls. Apolipoproteins [ApoB-100, ApoA1, Lp(a)] were analysed by immunoturbidimetry. Lipids (total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], high-density lipoprotein [HDL]), clinical/demographic data and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)-measured body composition parameters were collected. Between-group differences were assessed with Student's T-test. Linear regression models assessed associations of lipids and apolipoproteins with HIV status and associations with socio-demographic, clinical characteristics and body composition.

Results: We included 108 people with HIV on treatment (93.5% with viral suppression) and 96 controls. People with HIV were younger, more likely to be male, with obesity, of African ethnicity, smokers and with a higher representation of CVD, hypertension, diabetes and statin use. ApoB-100, TC, HDL and LDL were significantly lower in people with HIV, with no between-group difference in ApoA, Lp(a) and body composition. HIV infection remained independently associated with lower TC and LDL after adjustment for possible confounders.

Conclusions: People with HIV from a contemporary cohort had lower pro-atherogenic lipid parameters compared to controls, and no differences in body composition between people with HIV and controls were observed. Traditional risk factors for CVD and chronic inflammation might have a greater impact than dyslipidaemia itself on the increased CVD risk in people with HIV.

与健康对照组相比,接受现代抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒感染者没有显示出促动脉粥样硬化的脂质特征,并且具有相似的身体组成。
目的:脂质和载脂蛋白的改变与心血管疾病(CVD)有关,并且在HIV感染者中很常见。本研究的目的是比较HIV感染者和非HIV感染者的脂质特征和身体组成,并探讨是否有任何与HIV相关的因素可以用社会人口统计学、临床特征和身体组成来解释。方法:对一项纳入HIV感染者和HIV阴性对照的队列研究进行横断面分析。免疫比浊法分析载脂蛋白[ApoB-100, ApoA1, Lp(a)]。收集血脂(总胆固醇[TC]、低密度脂蛋白[LDL]、高密度脂蛋白[HDL])、临床/人口统计学数据和双能x线吸收仪(DXA)测量的身体成分参数。组间差异采用学生t检验。线性回归模型评估了脂质和载脂蛋白与HIV状态的关系,以及与社会人口统计学、临床特征和身体组成的关系。结果:我们纳入了108例接受治疗的HIV感染者(93.5%采用病毒抑制)和96例对照组。艾滋病毒感染者更年轻,更可能是男性,肥胖,非洲裔,吸烟者,心血管疾病,高血压,糖尿病和他汀类药物使用的比例更高。HIV感染者的ApoB-100、TC、HDL和LDL显著降低,ApoA、Lp(a)和体成分组间无差异。在调整了可能的混杂因素后,HIV感染仍然与较低的TC和LDL独立相关。结论:与对照组相比,来自当代队列的HIV感染者具有较低的促动脉粥样硬化脂质参数,并且在HIV感染者和对照组之间的身体组成没有观察到差异。心血管疾病和慢性炎症的传统危险因素可能比血脂异常本身对艾滋病毒感染者心血管疾病风险增加的影响更大。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
HIV Medicine
HIV Medicine 医学-传染病学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
10.00%
发文量
167
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: HIV Medicine aims to provide an alternative outlet for publication of international research papers in the field of HIV Medicine, embracing clinical, pharmocological, epidemiological, ethical, preclinical and in vitro studies. In addition, the journal will commission reviews and other feature articles. It will focus on evidence-based medicine as the mainstay of successful management of HIV and AIDS. The journal is specifically aimed at researchers and clinicians with responsibility for treating HIV seropositive patients.
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