Perfluorooctanoic Acid Can Increase Biofilm Resilience and Virulence in Drinking Water Distribution Systems.

IF 11.3 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

环境科学与技术 Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI:10.1021/acs.est.5c07943

Haibo Wang,Yukang Li,Hui Chen,Pingfeng Yu,Baoyou Shi,Pedro J J Alvarez

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Despite the prevalence of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs), its effects on biofilm formation and tolerance to residual disinfectants remain largely unknown. Here, we report that DWDS-relevant levels of PFOA (1-80 ng/L) promoted Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation (by 1.8- to 4.5-fold) and chlorine tolerance (by 7-22%). PFOA also enhanced biofilm tolerance to common antibiotics, increasing their minimum inhibitory concentrations by 25-67%. In a flow-through system, biofilm evolution toward higher resilience was attributed to PFOA-exerted oxidative stress, which fortuitously upregulated quorum sensing and stimulated extracellular polymeric substances production. PFOA exposure also increased bacterial chemotaxis and activated cyaA and cyaB genes, which enhanced the cAMP/Vfr signaling pathway, contributing to the upregulation of virulence factor genes. PFOA-induced chlorine and antibiotic resistance and increased virulence were also verified with a mesocosm system and a real DWDS pipeline biofilm. Overall, these results underscore the need for proactive microbial risk assessment associated with such indirect effects of emerging pollutants in DWDSs.

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全氟辛酸可以增加饮用水分配系统中生物膜的弹性和毒力。

尽管饮用水分配系统（DWDSs）中普遍存在全氟辛酸（PFOA），但其对生物膜形成和对残留消毒剂耐受性的影响在很大程度上仍然未知。在这里，我们报道了dwds相关水平的PFOA （1-80 ng/L）促进了铜绿假单胞菌生物膜的形成（1.8- 4.5倍）和氯耐受性（7-22%）。PFOA还增强了生物膜对常见抗生素的耐受性，使其最低抑制浓度提高了25-67%。在流式系统中，生物膜向更高弹性的进化归因于pfoa施加的氧化应激，这偶然上调了群体感应并刺激了细胞外聚合物物质的产生。PFOA暴露还增加了细菌的趋化性，激活了cyaA和cyaB基因，从而增强了cAMP/Vfr信号通路，导致毒力因子基因上调。pfoa诱导的氯和抗生素耐药性以及毒力的增加也通过中生态系统和真实的DWDS管道生物膜进行了验证。总的来说，这些结果强调了对dwds中新兴污染物的间接影响进行主动微生物风险评估的必要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

环境科学与技术环境科学-工程：环境

CiteScore

17.50

自引率

9.60%

发文量

12359

审稿时长

2.8 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T) is a co-sponsored academic and technical magazine by the Hubei Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau and the Hubei Provincial Academy of Environmental Sciences. Environmental Science & Technology (ES&T) holds the status of Chinese core journals, scientific papers source journals of China, Chinese Science Citation Database source journals, and Chinese Academic Journal Comprehensive Evaluation Database source journals. This publication focuses on the academic field of environmental protection, featuring articles related to environmental protection and technical advancements.