Microstructural characterisation of polycrystalline ice with an etch-pitting replication method.

IF 1.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 MICROSCOPY
Hatsuki Yamauchi, Lucy Davidson, Christine McCarthy, David J Prior, Jacob A Tielke, Benjamin K Holtzman
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Abstract

Etch-pitting replication is a classical method to characterise the microstructure of ice crystals. In this method, a solution of polyvinyl formal (Formvar) is applied to a polished surface of ice. A plastic film, created after the solvent is dried, 'replicates' microstructural features of the ice. By examining the replica film, we can identify the orientation of crystals and existence of dislocations in ice. However, with the recent rise of advanced techniques such as cryo-EBSD (electron backscatter diffraction) analyses, this classical method has been left in the shadows, especially from the perspective of quantification of microstructural features in polycrystalline ice. In this study we revive and thoroughly re-examine the utility of the replication method to quantify crystal orientations and dislocation density of ice. We applied our optimised protocols of the replication method to several laboratory-fabricated and natural-glacier polycrystalline ice samples with various types of crystal preferred orientation (CPO) and various levels of strain. Using high-resolution scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the obtained replica films, we quantified the extent of CPO and dislocation density of these ice samples. Our results of CPO patterns and dislocation density show good agreement with cryo-EBSD results from the same ice samples or samples at a similar strain level. Although further improvements are needed to make the present method more efficient, our results show promise for using this method to easily, quickly, and affordably quantify microstructural features in polycrystalline ice and to help interpret deformation mechanism of ice.

用蚀刻点蚀复制法表征多晶冰的微观结构。
蚀刻点蚀复制是表征冰晶微观结构的经典方法。在这种方法中,将聚乙烯醇溶液(Formvar)应用于抛光的冰表面。溶剂干燥后形成的塑料薄膜“复制”了冰的微观结构特征。通过检查复制膜,我们可以确定晶体的取向和冰中位错的存在。然而,随着近年来诸如电子背散射衍射(cro - ebsd)等先进技术的兴起,这种经典方法已经被遗忘,特别是从定量多晶冰微观结构特征的角度来看。在这项研究中,我们恢复并彻底重新审视了复制方法在量化冰的晶体取向和位错密度方面的效用。我们将优化的复制方法应用于几种具有不同类型晶体优先取向(CPO)和不同应变水平的实验室制造和天然冰川多晶冰样品。利用高分辨率扫描电镜(SEM)图像,我们量化了这些冰样品的CPO程度和位错密度。我们的CPO模式和位错密度的结果与相同冰样品或相似应变水平下样品的cryo-EBSD结果一致。虽然目前的方法还需要进一步的改进以提高效率,但我们的研究结果表明,使用这种方法可以轻松、快速、经济地量化多晶冰的微观结构特征,并有助于解释冰的变形机制。
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来源期刊
Journal of microscopy
Journal of microscopy 工程技术-显微镜技术
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
5.00%
发文量
83
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Microscopy is the oldest journal dedicated to the science of microscopy and the only peer-reviewed publication of the Royal Microscopical Society. It publishes papers that report on the very latest developments in microscopy such as advances in microscopy techniques or novel areas of application. The Journal does not seek to publish routine applications of microscopy or specimen preparation even though the submission may otherwise have a high scientific merit. The scope covers research in the physical and biological sciences and covers imaging methods using light, electrons, X-rays and other radiations as well as atomic force and near field techniques. Interdisciplinary research is welcome. Papers pertaining to microscopy are also welcomed on optical theory, spectroscopy, novel specimen preparation and manipulation methods and image recording, processing and analysis including dynamic analysis of living specimens. Publication types include full papers, hot topic fast tracked communications and review articles. Authors considering submitting a review article should contact the editorial office first.
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