Exciton condensate in van der Waals layered materials

Abstract

Van der Waals layered materials have emerged as a platform for exploring exciton condensation, a phenomenon that reflects quantum coherence and collective behaviour. Unlike traditional quantum Hall systems, 2D layered materials offer a unique opportunity to observe exciton condensation without external magnetic field and at relatively high temperatures, making them highly attractive for both fundamental studies and potential applications. This Perspective focuses on recent advances in understanding the electrical transport behaviours of exciton condensates in 2D layered materials and the strategies proposed to achieve high-temperature exciton condensation, while addressing the challenges and discussing potential future developments in this area. Excitonic condensation occurs when electrons and holes in closely placed bilayers form bound pairs and condense into a coherent quantum state. This Perspective highlights recent experimental breakthroughs and emerging directions in the rapidly evolving field of excitonic condensation in van der Waals bilayer systems.