Heat-inactivated Lactobacillus gasseri CP2305 improves bowel function and gut microbiota – A systematic literature review

Abstract

Background & aims

The health benefits of probiotics have long been studied. More recently, postbiotics are recognised as suitable alternatives for delivering associated health benefits. The aim of this systematic literature review is to assess the effects of heat-inactivated Lactobacillus gasseri CP2305 on bowel function and gut microbiota composition in humans.

Methods

A literature search was conducted of peer-reviewed papers published up to 20 August 2024. Intervention trials that investigated the effects of heat-inactivated CP2305 on gut-related parameters were selected for inclusion and data extraction. Quality and risk of bias assessments of individual studies were conducted using two established tools.

Results

Seven trials met the inclusion criteria. CP2305 intervention resulted in improved stool properties (output, form, color, odor) in the four studies reporting these outcomes. CP2305 effects on defecation frequency were mixed; however, defecation frequency was improved in populations with constipation tendencies. CP2305 was associated with some positive changes in gut microbiota composition and associated metabolites in studies which included these outcomes.

Conclusion

The current systematic review illustrates that heat-inactivated CP2305 can improve bowel function and gut microbiota diversity and composition in generally healthy adults, supporting its use in food and beverage applications for maintenance of a healthy gut.