Prise en charge de la maladie de Basedow dans l’Ouest algérien

Abstract

Hyperthyroidism is a pathological condition marked by an excess of thyroid hormones in the bloodstream. The most common observed etiology is Graves’ disease. In order to establish the epidemiological profile of this disease in the Algerian west and evaluate its treatment in nuclear medicine, we conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study from January 2014 to December 2023 at the University Hospital Establishment of Oran, including 180 folders of patients suffering from hyperthyroidism. We report a high prevalence of Graves’ disease (98.33%) with a notable female predominance of 72.88%. A peak incidence is noted across all genders between the ages of 31 and 50. In Algeria, radiotherapy with iodine 131 is generally indicated as a second line after antithyroid drugs treatment. In our study, one hundred and sixty-five patients have received radioactive activities administered empirically (extremes: 8–28 mCi). An activity below 15 mCi was administered to 67.27% of patients, between 15 mCi and 20 mCi to 30.3% of patients, and only 2.42% received an activity exceeding 20 mCi. A single dose was administered in 98.18% of cases, while only three patients (1.82%) received a second. Finally, the RAI therapy was successful in 85.83% of cases over a follow-up period ranged between 1 and 9 months. These observed results are promising and encourage healthcare professionals to consider the radiotherapy as an early treatment of Graves’ disease.