Study on the modeling and simulation of the pre-treatment process of coffee husks for renewable energy production in the Brazilian agro-industrial sector

IF 5.8 2区 生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
Amanda de Oliveira e Silva, Ivan Felipe Silva dos Santos, Hugo Perazzini
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Abstract

Brazil, the world's largest coffee producer and exporter, generates substantial quantities of coffee husks, the main residues from wet processing. Recent research has demonstrated their energy potential. However, the high moisture content, low density and irregular particle size require a pre-treatment for efficient thermochemical conversion. This study analyzes the economic viability of a pre-treatment and combustion plant of coffee husk briquettes for electricity generation. The pre-treatment design, cost estimates, and sensitivity analysis were conducted, focusing on the influence of drying operational variables. Energy studies showed that the Southeast region produced 85.5 % of Brazil's coffee husks in 2024, potentially generating 178 GWh yr−1. Nonetheless, most scenarios were economically unviable, presenting a negative Net Present Value (NPV) equal to −$7.92 million, mainly due to the high investment in combustion technology (63.7 % of the total), and high drying costs (56.8 % of operating costs). The lowest Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) was $198 MWh−1, achieved at the highest drying air temperature in the optimistic scenario, though still above the base tariff ($67.3 MWh−1). The air temperature, followed by the bed height, were the drying variables with the greatest influence on the bioenergy plant's economy, while the air velocity proved to be inelastic. This paper highlights the importance of key design parameters in reducing total costs.
巴西农业工业部门可再生能源生产的咖啡壳预处理过程的建模和仿真研究
巴西是世界上最大的咖啡生产国和出口国,生产了大量的咖啡壳,这是湿法加工的主要残留物。最近的研究已经证明了它们的能源潜力。然而,高水分含量,低密度和不规则粒度需要预处理有效的热化学转化。本研究分析了咖啡壳型煤发电前处理和燃烧装置的经济可行性。进行了预处理设计、成本估算和敏感性分析,重点研究了干燥操作变量的影响。能源研究表明,2024年,东南部地区生产了巴西85.5%的咖啡壳,年发电量可能达到178千兆瓦时。尽管如此,大多数方案在经济上是不可行的,其净现值(NPV)为负792万美元,主要是由于燃烧技术的高投资(占总投资的63.7%)和高干燥成本(占运营成本的56.8%)。在乐观情况下,在最高干燥空气温度下实现的最低平准化电力成本(LCOE)为198兆瓦时−1美元,但仍高于基本电价(67.3兆瓦时−1美元)。空气温度、床层高度是对生物能源工厂经济影响最大的干燥变量,而风速是非弹性的。本文强调了关键设计参数对降低总成本的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Biomass & Bioenergy
Biomass & Bioenergy 工程技术-能源与燃料
CiteScore
11.50
自引率
3.30%
发文量
258
审稿时长
60 days
期刊介绍: Biomass & Bioenergy is an international journal publishing original research papers and short communications, review articles and case studies on biological resources, chemical and biological processes, and biomass products for new renewable sources of energy and materials. The scope of the journal extends to the environmental, management and economic aspects of biomass and bioenergy. Key areas covered by the journal: • Biomass: sources, energy crop production processes, genetic improvements, composition. Please note that research on these biomass subjects must be linked directly to bioenergy generation. • Biological Residues: residues/rests from agricultural production, forestry and plantations (palm, sugar etc), processing industries, and municipal sources (MSW). Papers on the use of biomass residues through innovative processes/technological novelty and/or consideration of feedstock/system sustainability (or unsustainability) are welcomed. However waste treatment processes and pollution control or mitigation which are only tangentially related to bioenergy are not in the scope of the journal, as they are more suited to publications in the environmental arena. Papers that describe conventional waste streams (ie well described in existing literature) that do not empirically address ''new'' added value from the process are not suitable for submission to the journal. • Bioenergy Processes: fermentations, thermochemical conversions, liquid and gaseous fuels, and petrochemical substitutes • Bioenergy Utilization: direct combustion, gasification, electricity production, chemical processes, and by-product remediation • Biomass and the Environment: carbon cycle, the net energy efficiency of bioenergy systems, assessment of sustainability, and biodiversity issues.
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