A multi-level isobaric hydrogen-electric coupled energy storage system with a wide-range operational strategy: enhancing efficiency and flexibility in renewable-dominated power grid

IF 11 1区工程技术 Q1 ENERGY & FUELS

Applied Energy Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126783

Ning Ma, Pan Zhao, Wenpan Xu, Aijie Liu, Huichao Zhu, Zhaochun Shi, Jiangfeng Wang

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Abstract

Fluctuations in electricity caused by high penetration of renewable energy sources impose greater demands on energy storage systems for flexible absorption and efficient power supply. This paper proposes a novel integration strategy that combines the efficiency of isobaric energy storage technology with the flexibility of hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage technology. Based on this, a multi-level net-zero emissions isobaric hydrogen-electric coupled energy storage system is developed. The system offers a wide range of power consumption capabilities, and its effectiveness has been validated in real-world scenarios with high renewable energy penetration rates when combined with an adaptive power allocation scheme. The results indicate that the system accommodates five charge modes and four discharge modes, with peak efficiencies achieved in charge mode I (85.17%) and discharge mode II (46.66%). The wide-range coordinated control framework maintains higher compressor isentropic efficiencies while expanding the adjustable power range by 45.28% compared to series configurations using only VS control, operating in a coordination control mode with variable speed and inlet guide vanes below rated power, and switching to variable speed mode above rated power. The adaptive power allocation scheme categorizes the imbalanced power into eight scenarios, keeping the CO₂ compressor operates under design conditions during the charging process, while the discharge side consistently utilizes the low-pressure turbine as a stable power source. Compared with the conventional strategy, the proposed approach demonstrates improvements of 3.49% and 5.12% in average charge and discharge efficiencies, respectively, while reducing wind curtailment and mismatch power by 22.85% and 30.69%, respectively. In addition, parameter analysis indicates that the mutual constraints among efficiency and reliability index parameter adjustments must be comprehensively considered to enhance overall performance and effectively suppress unbalanced power in practical applications.

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具有大范围运行策略的多级等压氢电耦合储能系统：提高可再生能源主导电网的效率和灵活性

可再生能源的高渗透率带来的电力波动对储能系统灵活吸收和高效供电提出了更高的要求。本文提出了一种将等压储能技术的高效性与氢电混合储能技术的灵活性相结合的新型集成策略。在此基础上，研制了多级净零排放等压氢电耦合储能系统。该系统提供了广泛的电力消耗能力，并且在与自适应电力分配方案相结合的高可再生能源渗透率的实际场景中，其有效性已得到验证。结果表明：该系统可容纳5种充电模式和4种放电模式，其中充电模式I和放电模式II的效率最高，分别为85.17%和46.66%；与仅使用VS控制的串联配置相比，宽范围协调控制框架保持了更高的压缩机等熵效率，同时将可调功率范围扩大了45.28%，在变速和进口导叶低于额定功率的协调控制模式下运行，并在额定功率以上切换到变速模式。自适应功率分配方案将不平衡功率分为8种情况，在充电过程中保持CO2压缩机在设计工况下运行，而放电侧始终使用低压涡轮作为稳定的电源。与常规策略相比，该方法的平均充放电效率分别提高了3.49%和5.12%，弃风和失配功率分别降低了22.85%和30.69%。此外，参数分析表明，在实际应用中，必须综合考虑效率和可靠性指标参数调整之间的相互约束，才能提高整体性能，有效抑制不平衡功率。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied Energy 工程技术-工程：化工

CiteScore

21.20

自引率

10.70%

发文量

1830

审稿时长

41 days

期刊介绍： Applied Energy serves as a platform for sharing innovations, research, development, and demonstrations in energy conversion, conservation, and sustainable energy systems. The journal covers topics such as optimal energy resource use, environmental pollutant mitigation, and energy process analysis. It welcomes original papers, review articles, technical notes, and letters to the editor. Authors are encouraged to submit manuscripts that bridge the gap between research, development, and implementation. The journal addresses a wide spectrum of topics, including fossil and renewable energy technologies, energy economics, and environmental impacts. Applied Energy also explores modeling and forecasting, conservation strategies, and the social and economic implications of energy policies, including climate change mitigation. It is complemented by the open-access journal Advances in Applied Energy.