Electrolytically generated size-tunable micro-nano bubbles toward high-efficiency antibacterial applications in vitro

IF 4.5 2区化学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Bioelectrochemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.bioelechem.2025.109117

Qiang Mao , Kai Wei , Tianyu Li , Jiasheng Zhu , Huarui Han , Kan Hu , Changchang Ma , Sheng Feng

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Abstract

Bacterial contamination in water poses severe threats to global water safety, particularly in drinking water. Micro-nano bubbles (MNBs) have attracted significant interest for antibacterial applications due to their high efficiency and environmental friendliness. In this study, size-tunable MNBs were electrochemically fabricated using TiO₂ nanotube arrays (TNTAs) as electrodes. A strong positive correlation (R² = 0.965) was established between the pore diameter of TNTAs and the size of the generated MNBs, enabling precise control over bubble dimensions. Crucially, bactericidal efficiency was found to be negatively correlated with MNB size, with the smallest MNBs achieving exceptional inactivation rates of 98.8 % for Escherichia coli (E. coli) and 98.0 % for Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Mechanistic studies revealed that smaller MNBs generate higher concentrations of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) upon collapse, which are primarily responsible for the enhanced antibacterial activity. This work establishes a clear structure–activity relationship: electrode pore size dictates MNB size, which in turn determines •OH generation and antibacterial performance. These findings provide a scientific basis for developing efficient, environmentally friendly disinfection technologies.

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电解生成尺寸可调微纳气泡的体外高效抗菌应用

水中的细菌污染对全球水安全，特别是饮用水安全构成严重威胁。微纳气泡（MNBs）因其高效、环保的特点在抗菌领域引起了广泛的关注。在本研究中，采用TiO2纳米管阵列（TNTAs）作为电极，电化学制备了尺寸可调的mnb。tnta的孔径与生成的mnb的大小之间存在很强的正相关关系（R2 = 0.965），可以精确控制气泡的大小。至关重要的是，研究发现杀菌效率与MNB大小呈负相关，最小的MNB对大肠杆菌（E. coli）和金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）的失活率分别为98.8%和98.0%。机制研究表明，较小的MNBs在崩溃时产生更高浓度的羟基自由基（•OH），这是增强抗菌活性的主要原因。这项工作建立了一个明确的结构-活性关系：电极孔径决定了MNB的大小，这反过来又决定了•OH的生成和抗菌性能。这些发现为开发高效、环保的消毒技术提供了科学依据。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Bioelectrochemistry 生物-电化学

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

6.00%

发文量

238

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： An International Journal Devoted to Electrochemical Aspects of Biology and Biological Aspects of Electrochemistry Bioelectrochemistry is an international journal devoted to electrochemical principles in biology and biological aspects of electrochemistry. It publishes experimental and theoretical papers dealing with the electrochemical aspects of: • Electrified interfaces (electric double layers, adsorption, electron transfer, protein electrochemistry, basic principles of biosensors, biosensor interfaces and bio-nanosensor design and construction. • Electric and magnetic field effects (field-dependent processes, field interactions with molecules, intramolecular field effects, sensory systems for electric and magnetic fields, molecular and cellular mechanisms) • Bioenergetics and signal transduction (energy conversion, photosynthetic and visual membranes) • Biomembranes and model membranes (thermodynamics and mechanics, membrane transport, electroporation, fusion and insertion) • Electrochemical applications in medicine and biotechnology (drug delivery and gene transfer to cells and tissues, iontophoresis, skin electroporation, injury and repair). • Organization and use of arrays in-vitro and in-vivo, including as part of feedback control. • Electrochemical interrogation of biofilms as generated by microorganisms and tissue reaction associated with medical implants.