Carbon emissions reduction in maritime supply chain under cap-and-trade and carbon tax policies

IF 6.3 2区 工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS
Tingsong Wang , Lingxin Xia , Yadong Wang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Maritime carbon emissions have evolved into a pressing global environmental challenge. The cap-and-trade and carbon tax are two market-oriented policies adopted by many governments to reduce carbon emissions. However, the existing research on emission reduction policies either focuses on some methods within a single policy category or focuses on comparisons at the macro policy level. There is a lack of in-depth analyses on the implementation details of these two policies, namely, the quota allocation methods in cap-and-trade and the tax rate structures of carbon taxes. Therefore, this study integrates three carbon trading quota allocation methods: grandfathering (G), benchmarking (B), and historical intensity (HI) and two tax rate forms: flat-rate tax (FT) and progressive tax (PT) to establish a game-theoretic framework involving the government, the port company, and the shipping company. This study also analyzes the impacts of these methods on carbon emissions within the maritime supply chain (MSC). The main findings are as follows: (1) Methods G, HI, FT, and PT achieve emission reductions by constraining production quantities, whereas Method B risks emission increases due to output expansion. (2) Method B maximizes profits by scaling production quantities, outperforming Methods G and PT. These three methods (G, B, and PT) exhibit profit growth under carbon price increases, whereas Methods HI and FT experience profit declines as carbon prices rise. (3) Method B maximizes short-term profits but risks higher emissions, and Methods G and PT balance profits and emissions, while Methods HI and FT underperform and should be avoided.
限额与交易和碳税政策下海上供应链碳减排研究
海洋碳排放已经演变成一个紧迫的全球环境挑战。限额交易和碳税是许多国家政府为减少碳排放而采取的两项市场导向政策。然而,现有的减排政策研究要么侧重于单一政策范畴内的一些方法,要么侧重于宏观政策层面的比较。对于这两项政策的实施细节,即限额与交易中的配额分配方式和碳税的税率结构,缺乏深入的分析。因此,本研究整合了祖父法(G)、基准法(B)和历史强度法(HI)三种碳交易配额分配方法,以及统一税率(FT)和累进税(PT)两种税率形式,构建了政府、港口公司和航运公司参与的博弈论框架。本研究还分析了这些方法对海运供应链(MSC)内碳排放的影响。研究结果表明:(1)方法G、HI、FT和PT通过限制产量实现了减排,而方法B则存在产量扩大导致排放增加的风险。(2)方法B通过按比例生产数量实现利润最大化,优于方法G和PT。方法G、B和PT在碳价格上涨时利润增长,而方法HI和FT则随着碳价格上涨而利润下降。(3)方法B短期利润最大化,但排放风险较高,方法G和PT实现利润和排放平衡,方法HI和FT表现不佳,应避免。
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来源期刊
Transport Policy
Transport Policy Multiple-
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
10.30%
发文量
282
期刊介绍: Transport Policy is an international journal aimed at bridging the gap between theory and practice in transport. Its subject areas reflect the concerns of policymakers in government, industry, voluntary organisations and the public at large, providing independent, original and rigorous analysis to understand how policy decisions have been taken, monitor their effects, and suggest how they may be improved. The journal treats the transport sector comprehensively, and in the context of other sectors including energy, housing, industry and planning. All modes are covered: land, sea and air; road and rail; public and private; motorised and non-motorised; passenger and freight.
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