Assessment of efficacy of lignocaine patch in pain management post third molar extraction: A prospective, split mouth study

Abstract

Introduction

Postoperative pain following third molar extractions is a significant concern, often managed using opioids and NSAIDs, associated with considerable side effects. Lignocaine patches, known for their localized action and minimal systemic effects, have shown promise in managing various pain conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 5 % lignocaine patches in reducing postoperative pain following third molar extractions.

Methodology

A prospective, split-mouth study was conducted on 30 patients aged 18–40 years requiring bilateral extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Post extraction on one side (test lignocaine patches were applied postoperatively, while post extraction of contralateral side, standard oral analgesics were given. Pain levels were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) on the day of extraction, postoperative day (POD) 1 and POD 2. Additional patches or analgesics were provided if pain exceeded VAS thresholds.

Results

The test group reported significantly lower mean VAS scores (1.96 ± 0.72) compared to the control group (2.55 ± 0.35, p = 0.004). Significant reduction in pain was observed in both groups over time, but the test group showed greater pain relief by POD 2 (p = 0.000) and no major adverse effects were reported, only 13.3 % experienced inadequate analgesia, requiring the need of a second patch.

Conclusion

These findings suggest that 5 % lignocaine patches offer an effective alternative to oral analgesics for managing postoperative pain after third molar extractions. Further research, however, is recommended to explore their potential in reducing opioid use and their effectiveness in other minor oral surgical procedures.