Trends in Mortality Rates for Cardiovascular Disease Subtypes Among Adults, 2010-2023.

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality rates, which had been declining in the decade before the COVID-19 pandemic, increased in 2020 and remained elevated through 2022. Understanding whether trends in mortality rates from 2010 to 2023 varied by CVD subtypes could help focus prevention and clinical management.

Methods: Annual age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) per 100,000 for U.S. adults were calculated in 2025 using National Vital Statistics System death counts from 2010 to 2023. Deaths with CVD listed as the underlying cause of death were classified into 8 major CVD subtypes. Temporal trends from 2010 to 2023 were evaluated using average annual percent change (AAPC).

Results: In 2023, ASMR for CVD subtypes were highest for ischemic heart disease (117.9 deaths per 100,000), followed by hypertensive disease (111.2), heart failure (82.1), cerebrovascular disease (65.7), arrhythmia (48.4), valvular heart disease (13.0), pulmonary heart disease (11.9), and cardiomyopathy (9.4). From 2010 to 2023, mortality rates significantly declined for ischemic heart disease (AAPC: -2.21) and cardiomyopathy (AAPC: -3.00) and increased for hypertensive disease (AAPC: 2.52), arrhythmia (AAPC: 1.14), and pulmonary heart disease (AAPC: 1.38). Although the overall trend was not significant, ASMR were higher in 2023 than 2010 for heart failure and lower for cerebrovascular disease and valvular heart disease.

Conclusions: From 2010 to 2023, mortality rates improved for ischemic heart disease and cardiomyopathy but worsened for hypertensive disease, arrhythmia, and pulmonary heart disease. These results signal a need to focus prevention and clinical management efforts to target the growing burden of leading causes of death.