Children's mental health symptoms over three decades (1993-2022): a comparison of population-based cross-sectional samples.

IF 4.9 2区 医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS
Ophélie A Collet, Massimiliano Orri, Cédric Galéra, Brett D Thombs, Marie Claude Geoffroy, Ofélie Trudeau-Ferrin, Danielle Buch, Frank Vitaro, Michel Boivin, Richard E Tremblay, Sylvana M Côté
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Abstract

Concerns have been raised about an increase in children's mental health symptoms over the past 30 years, including after COVID-19 lockdowns. Yet, few studies have investigated variations over generations, while considering sex and socioeconomic status. We aimed to address this gap by comparing mental health symptoms (emotional distress, impulsivity/hyperactivity/inattention, disruptive behaviours) reported by classroom teachers of 11-year-olds in three population-based, prospective, representative cohorts in Quebec, Canada. Analyses included 1665 (83%) of the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Kindergarten Children, in 1993; 1305 (62%) of the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development, 2009; and 3871 (100%) of the Quebec Survey of Child Development in Kindergarten, 2022; ~50% boys. Teacher-rated symptoms on the validated Social Behavior Questionnaire showed higher scores of emotional distress and impulsive/hyperactive/inattentive symptoms in 2022 than 2009, and higher in 2009 than 1993 (very small-to-small effect sizes: Cohen's d 0.12 and 0.26 for emotional distress, 0.06 and 0.25 for impulsive/hyperactive/inattentive symptoms, respectively; P < 0.001). Disruptive behaviour symptoms scored lower in 2022 than 2009, though higher in 2009 than 1993, with very small effect sizes (Cohen's d: -0.15 and 0.09, respectively). Boys presented more impulsive/hyperactive/inattentive and disruptive behaviour symptoms than girls; girls showed more emotional distress than boys. Children from economically disadvantaged households (lowest 20% of income distribution) presented higher symptoms rates than advantaged children. These findings provide novel and timely evidence about variations in children's mental health symptom rates over three decades, underscoring the need for preventive interventions as early as elementary school, tailored differentially for boys and socioeconomically disadvantaged children.

三十年来(1993-2022)儿童心理健康症状:基于人群的横断面样本比较
过去30年来,包括在COVID-19封锁之后,人们对儿童心理健康症状的增加表示担忧。然而,很少有研究在考虑性别和社会经济地位的情况下调查几代人之间的差异。我们的目的是通过比较加拿大魁北克省三个基于人群的前瞻性代表性队列中11岁儿童的课堂教师报告的心理健康症状(情绪困扰、冲动/多动/注意力不集中、破坏性行为)来解决这一差距。分析包括1993年魁北克幼儿园儿童纵向研究的1665份(83%);2009年魁北克儿童发展纵向研究1305 (62%);2022年魁北克幼儿园儿童发展调查3871 (100%);~ 50%的男孩。经验证的社会行为问卷上教师评定的症状显示,2022年情绪困扰和冲动/多动/注意力不集中症状得分高于2009年,2009年高于1993年(非常小到小的效应量:情绪困扰的科恩d分别为0.12和0.26,冲动/多动/注意力不集中症状的科恩d分别为0.06和0.25
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.80
自引率
4.70%
发文量
186
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry is Europe''s only peer-reviewed journal entirely devoted to child and adolescent psychiatry. It aims to further a broad understanding of psychopathology in children and adolescents. Empirical research is its foundation, and clinical relevance is its hallmark. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry welcomes in particular papers covering neuropsychiatry, cognitive neuroscience, genetics, neuroimaging, pharmacology, and related fields of interest. Contributions are encouraged from all around the world.
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