Comparative health assessment of Catla catla (Ham., 1822) reared in semi-intensive, extensive and sewage-fed culture systems using condition indices, hematology, serum and epidermal mucus biochemicals

IF 2.4 3区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Aquaculture International Pub Date : 2025-09-23 DOI:10.1007/s10499-025-02248-6

Sapana Devi Khumujam, Sujata Sahoo, Tincy Varghese, Kajal Kumari, Bhashwati Roy, Kedar Nath Mohanta

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Abstract

The present study investigated the health and welfare of Catla catla cultured in extensive, semi-intensive, and sewage-fed systems in West Bengal. Key parameters included Fulton’s condition factor, haematological and biochemical markers in serum and mucus, and water quality, to assess the effects of rearing systems on fish health. Skin mucus analysis was incorporated as a non-invasive tool to assess stress and immune responses. The results revealed significantly (P < 0.05) higher condition factors in semi-intensive and extensive systems compared to the sewage-fed system, indicating better overall fish health. Hematological analysis showed elevated white blood cell (WBC) levels (P < 0.05) in the sewage-fed system, whereas hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HCT) were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). Red blood cell (RBC) levels were highest in the semi-intensive system, with no significant difference observed between extensive and sewage-fed systems. Protein profiles in serum and mucus were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the semi-intensive system, while lower in sewage and extensive systems, with no significant difference observed between the two. Glucose and cortisol were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in the sewage-fed system in both serum and mucus. Serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities showed no significant differences across systems, although mucus SOD activity was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in extensive and sewage-fed systems; mucus CAT activities remained unchanged. Lysozyme and immunoglobulin M (IgM) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in both serum and mucus in fish from the sewage-fed system, likely indicating chronic immune stimulation. Overall, the semi-intensive system demonstrated better fish health. Furthermore, positive correlations between serum and mucus parameters (albumin, glucose, cortisol, lysozyme, IgM) support the use of skin mucus as a non-invasive alternative for assessing fish welfare.

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卡特拉卡特拉（火腿）的比较健康评价。（1822）在半集约化、粗放化和污水饲养的培养系统中饲养，使用条件指数、血液学、血清和表皮粘液生化物质

本研究调查了在西孟加拉邦粗放型、半集约型和污水饲养系统中养殖的Catla Catla的健康和福利。关键参数包括富尔顿条件因子、血清和粘液中的血液学和生化指标以及水质，以评估饲养系统对鱼类健康的影响。皮肤黏液分析作为一种非侵入性工具被纳入评估应激和免疫反应。结果显示，与污水饲养系统相比，半集约化和粗放化系统的条件因子显著（P < 0.05）更高，表明鱼类整体健康状况更好。血液学分析显示，在污水饲养系统中，白细胞（WBC）水平升高（P < 0.05），而血红蛋白（Hb）和红细胞压积（HCT）显著降低（P < 0.05）。半集约化系统中红细胞（RBC）水平最高，粗放式和污水饲养系统之间没有显著差异。半集约化养殖系统的血清和黏液中蛋白质含量显著高于粗放型养殖系统（P < 0.05），污水和粗放型养殖系统的蛋白质含量较低，两者之间无显著差异。在污水饲养系统中，血清和粘液中的葡萄糖和皮质醇均显著升高（P < 0.05）。血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性在不同系统间无显著差异，但在粗放型和污水饲养系统中，粘液SOD活性显著高于对照组（P < 0.05）；黏液CAT活性保持不变。污水养殖鱼的血清和黏液中溶菌酶和免疫球蛋白M （IgM）均显著升高（P < 0.05），可能提示慢性免疫刺激。总体而言，半集约化系统显示出更好的鱼类健康状况。此外，血清和黏液参数（白蛋白、葡萄糖、皮质醇、溶菌酶、IgM）之间的正相关性支持将皮肤黏液作为评估鱼类福利的非侵入性替代方法。

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来源期刊

Aquaculture International 农林科学-渔业

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

6.90%

发文量

204

审稿时长

1.0 months

期刊介绍： Aquaculture International is an international journal publishing original research papers, short communications, technical notes and review papers on all aspects of aquaculture. The Journal covers topics such as the biology, physiology, pathology and genetics of cultured fish, crustaceans, molluscs and plants, especially new species; water quality of supply systems, fluctuations in water quality within farms and the environmental impacts of aquacultural operations; nutrition, feeding and stocking practices, especially as they affect the health and growth rates of cultured species; sustainable production techniques; bioengineering studies on the design and management of offshore and land-based systems; the improvement of quality and marketing of farmed products; sociological and societal impacts of aquaculture, and more. This is the official Journal of the European Aquaculture Society.