Reduced recombination losses and enhanced charge carrier extraction within scandium doped perovskite film through an energy alignment of the conduction band of ETL with perovskite film

IF 4.2 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Optical Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI:10.1016/j.optmat.2025.117496

Ali Mujtaba , M.I. Khan , Muzammal Aslam , Badriah S. Almutairi , Mongi Amami

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study presents a novel approach for improving the efficiency of lead-based mixed halides perovskite solar cell (PSC) by Scandium (Sc) doping with the perovskite layer and creating a dual electron transport layer (ETL) using TiO₂ and Sc-doped WO₃. The cubic structure of perovskites was verified by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and UV–Vis absorption spectra showed a red shift with reduced energy band gap (E_g) from 1.932 eV to 1.926 eV. The single TiO₂\CsPbIBr₂-based device showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.53 %, which was enhanced up to 10.12 % by utilizing Sc-CsPbIBr₂. To further enhance the performance of the device, 4 % Sc-WO₃ film was deposited between TiO₂ and perovskite. The monoclinic structure of Sc-WO₃ was confirmed by the XRD with the E_g of 2.741 eV. Raman peaks showed the W–O–W stretching vibrations and terminal WO bonds. A PCE of 11.72 % was attained by configuration (TiO₂\Sc-WO₃\CsPbIBr₂\Spiro-OMeTAD\Au), and this was further enhanced to 13.64 % for the configuration (TiO₂\Sc-WO₃\Sc-CsPbIBr₂\Spiro-OMeTAD\Au). Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis revealed that the optimized device had better charge transfer and reduced recombination resistance with the stability maintained 90.11 % of its initial PCE, demonstrating exceptional stability. These results show that Sc-doping and dual ETLs successfully improves PSC stability and performance, providing a viable path for next-generation solar cell technology.

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通过ETL导带与钙钛矿膜的能量对准，降低了掺杂钪钙钛矿膜内的复合损失，增强了载流子的提取

本研究提出了一种新的方法，通过在钙钛矿层中掺杂钪（Sc）来提高铅基混合卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）的效率，并使用TiO2和Sc掺杂WO3来创建双电子传输层（ETL）。x射线衍射（XRD）证实了钙钛矿的立方结构，紫外可见吸收光谱显示出红移，能带隙（Eg）从1.932 eV减小到1.926 eV。单个TiO2\ cspbibr2基器件的功率转换效率（PCE）为9.53%，而Sc-CsPbIBr2基器件的功率转换效率提高到10.12%。为了进一步提高器件的性能，在TiO2和钙钛矿之间沉积了4%的Sc-WO3薄膜。XRD证实了Sc-WO3的单斜晶型结构，Eg值为2.741 eV。拉曼峰显示了W-O-W拉伸振动和末端WO键。TiO2\Sc-WO3\CsPbIBr2\Spiro-OMeTAD\Au的PCE为11.72%，而TiO2\Sc-WO3\Sc-CsPbIBr2\Spiro-OMeTAD\Au的PCE为13.64%。电化学阻抗谱（EIS）分析表明，优化后的器件具有更好的电荷转移和更低的复合电阻，稳定性保持在初始PCE的90.11%，表现出优异的稳定性。这些结果表明，sc掺杂和双etl成功地提高了PSC的稳定性和性能，为下一代太阳能电池技术提供了一条可行的途径。

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来源期刊

Optical Materials 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

6.60

自引率

12.80%

发文量

1265

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Optical Materials has an open access mirror journal Optical Materials: X, sharing the same aims and scope, editorial team, submission system and rigorous peer review. The purpose of Optical Materials is to provide a means of communication and technology transfer between researchers who are interested in materials for potential device applications. The journal publishes original papers and review articles on the design, synthesis, characterisation and applications of optical materials. OPTICAL MATERIALS focuses on: • Optical Properties of Material Systems; • The Materials Aspects of Optical Phenomena; • The Materials Aspects of Devices and Applications. Authors can submit separate research elements describing their data to Data in Brief and methods to Methods X.