Prediction of outdoor ground effect

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI:10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111067

Keith Attenborough, Shahram Taherzadeh

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A classification of outdoor ground surfaces for calculating the attenuation due to destructive interference between direct and ground-reflected sound is proposed which uses a physically admissible ground impedance model with parameters of porosity, flow resistivity, and, for some ground surfaces, layer depth. This impedance model is shown to enable good fits to short range level difference measurements over a wide range of ground surfaces. Ranges of parameter values are suggested in each class to allow for variations in soil depth profiles, moisture content and surface roughness. Also, methods are proposed to account for mean ground roughness heights of less than 0.1 m and for waves on a water surface. The influence of atmospheric turbulence on ground effect is included through a coherence factor which assumes a Kolmogorov turbulence spectrum with parameters for which values can be calculated if heat flux and friction velocity are known. To account for changes in impedance along the propagation path, a Fresnel zone method is proposed which weights pressures squared since this method has been shown to compare better with 2D Boundary Element Method predictions than a method that weights excess attenuation.

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室外地面效应预测

本文提出了一种用于计算直接声和地面反射声相消干扰衰减的室外地面分类方法，该方法使用具有孔隙率、流动电阻率和某些地面层深参数的物理允许地阻抗模型。该阻抗模型被证明能够很好地适应在广泛的地面范围内的短距离电平差测量。在每个类别中建议的参数值范围，以允许土壤深度剖面，水分含量和表面粗糙度的变化。此外，还提出了考虑平均地面粗糙度高度小于0.1 m和水面波浪的方法。大气湍流对地面效应的影响通过一个相干因子包括在内，该因子假设柯尔莫哥罗夫湍流谱，其参数在热通量和摩擦速度已知的情况下可以计算出其值。为了考虑沿传播路径的阻抗变化，提出了一种菲涅耳区方法，该方法对压力平方进行加权，因为这种方法已被证明与2D边界元法的预测相比，比加权多余衰减的方法更好。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied Acoustics 物理-声学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

11.80%

发文量

618

审稿时长

7.5 months

期刊介绍： Since its launch in 1968, Applied Acoustics has been publishing high quality research papers providing state-of-the-art coverage of research findings for engineers and scientists involved in applications of acoustics in the widest sense. Applied Acoustics looks not only at recent developments in the understanding of acoustics but also at ways of exploiting that understanding. The Journal aims to encourage the exchange of practical experience through publication and in so doing creates a fund of technological information that can be used for solving related problems. The presentation of information in graphical or tabular form is especially encouraged. If a report of a mathematical development is a necessary part of a paper it is important to ensure that it is there only as an integral part of a practical solution to a problem and is supported by data. Applied Acoustics encourages the exchange of practical experience in the following ways: • Complete Papers • Short Technical Notes • Review Articles; and thereby provides a wealth of technological information that can be used to solve related problems. Manuscripts that address all fields of applications of acoustics ranging from medicine and NDT to the environment and buildings are welcome.