Real-time context-dependent cooperation in parental provisioning reveals fitness payoffs in barn owls

IF 4.1 2区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

iScience Pub Date : 2025-09-10 DOI:10.1016/j.isci.2025.113533

Paolo Becciu , Kim Schalcher , Estelle Milliet , James L. Savage , Andrea Romano , Bettina Almasi , Alexandre Roulin

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Abstract

Parental cooperation in species with extended biparental care is essential for offspring survival, yet real-time negotiation and coordination in the wild remain poorly understood. We simultaneously Global Positioning System (GPS)- and accelerometer-tracked 68 breeding pairs of barn owls (Tyto alba) during chick rearing, quantifying parents’ hunting effort, prey deliveries, self-feeding, nest attendance, and partner encounters. Within pairs, parental investment was highly plastic, with low repeatability of nightly provisioning shares. Females increased provisioning when males underperformed or when foraging habitat was likely poor. Parents synchronized foraging schedules and nest visits, exhibiting turn-taking-like coordination; pairs that shared provisioning more equally foraged in parallel overnight and met frequently at the nest. We detected sequential, between-night adjustments, whereby effort on one night influenced provisioning the next. Pairs maintaining more equitable care achieved higher survival and growth in their later-hatching nestlings. Our findings demonstrate how high-resolution biologging reveals dynamic behavioral mechanisms underpinning flexible biparental care under ecological variability.

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亲代供给中的实时情境依赖合作揭示了仓鸮的适应性回报

在双亲代养育的物种中，亲代合作对后代的生存至关重要，但在野外的实时协商和协调仍然知之甚少。我们同时用全球定位系统（GPS）和加速度计跟踪了68对仓鸮（Tyto alba）的育雏过程，量化了父母的狩猎努力、猎物的运送、自我喂养、窝的出场率和伴侣的相遇。在配对中，亲代投资具有高度的可塑性，夜间供应份额的可重复性较低。当雄性表现不佳或觅食栖息地可能较差时，雌性会增加供给。父母同步觅食时间表和访巢，表现出类似轮流的协调；共享食物的配对更平均地在夜间平行觅食，并经常在巢穴见面。我们检测到连续的夜间调整，即一个晚上的工作影响下一个晚上的供应。维持更公平照料的成对雏鸟在后期孵化的雏鸟中获得了更高的存活率和生长速度。我们的研究结果表明，高分辨率生物学揭示了生态变异性下灵活的双代育儿的动态行为机制。

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来源期刊

iScience Multidisciplinary-Multidisciplinary

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

1.70%

发文量

1972

审稿时长

6 weeks

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