Tunable synthesis of C-SiOxCy monoliths

IF 4.7 3区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI:10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113863

Julia Wagner , Julien Jaxel , Katia Guérin , Sandrine Berthon-Fabry

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This study establishes key structure–property relationships, offering valuable guidelines for designing porous monolithic C-SiO_xC_y materials for energy storage sensors, and electrocatalysis. We report a tunable sol-gel synthesis of monolithic C-SiO_xC_y composites with tailored physicochemical and electrical properties. By combining resorcinol, formaldehyde, TEOS, APTES, and kapok fibers, twenty-one formulations were prepared while systematically varying five synthesis parameters: TEOS-to-resorcinol molar ratio, sol concentration, sol pH, drying method, and pyrolysis temperature. The resulting composites exhibited silica contents ranging from 19 to 80 wt%, bulk densities from 0.10 to 1.11 g/cm³, specific surface areas up to 562 m²/g, and electrical conductivities reaching 8 S/cm. Structural analyses (SEM, ²⁹Si NMR, N₂ adsorption) revealed that the materials consist of integrated hybrid networks rather than separate carbon and silica domains. Factor analyses highlighted the dominant roles of TEOS/R on composition and porosity, supercritical drying on texture, and pyrolysis temperature on conductivity. Acidic conditions and sol dilution promoted high surface areas and pore volumes, while alkaline pH and carbon-rich environments enhanced electrical transport.

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C-SiOxCy单体的可调合成

该研究建立了关键的结构-性能关系，为设计用于储能传感器和电催化的多孔单片C-SiOxCy材料提供了有价值的指导。我们报道了一种可调的溶胶-凝胶合成整体C-SiOxCy复合材料，具有定制的物理化学和电学性能。通过将间苯二酚、甲醛、TEOS、APTES和木棉纤维结合，系统地改变了TEOS与间苯二酚的摩尔比、溶胶浓度、溶胶pH、干燥方式和热解温度等5个合成参数，制备了21个配方。所得复合材料的二氧化硅含量为19%至80%，体积密度为0.10至1.11 g/cm3，比表面积高达562 m2/g，电导率达到8 S/cm。结构分析（SEM, 29Si NMR， N2吸附）表明材料由完整的杂化网络组成，而不是单独的碳和硅畴。因子分析表明，TEOS/R对组分和孔隙度的影响最大，超临界干燥对结构的影响最大，热解温度对电导率的影响最大。酸性条件和土壤稀释促进了高表面积和孔隙体积，而碱性pH和富碳环境增强了电传输。

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来源期刊

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 化学-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

10.70

自引率

5.80%

发文量

649

审稿时长

26 days

期刊介绍： Microporous and Mesoporous Materials covers novel and significant aspects of porous solids classified as either microporous (pore size up to 2 nm) or mesoporous (pore size 2 to 50 nm). The porosity should have a specific impact on the material properties or application. Typical examples are zeolites and zeolite-like materials, pillared materials, clathrasils and clathrates, carbon molecular sieves, ordered mesoporous materials, organic/inorganic porous hybrid materials, or porous metal oxides. Both natural and synthetic porous materials are within the scope of the journal. Topics which are particularly of interest include: All aspects of natural microporous and mesoporous solids The synthesis of crystalline or amorphous porous materials The physico-chemical characterization of microporous and mesoporous solids, especially spectroscopic and microscopic The modification of microporous and mesoporous solids, for example by ion exchange or solid-state reactions All topics related to diffusion of mobile species in the pores of microporous and mesoporous materials Adsorption (and other separation techniques) using microporous or mesoporous adsorbents Catalysis by microporous and mesoporous materials Host/guest interactions Theoretical chemistry and modelling of host/guest interactions All topics related to the application of microporous and mesoporous materials in industrial catalysis, separation technology, environmental protection, electrochemistry, membranes, sensors, optical devices, etc.