From dopant synthesis to antimicrobial activity: understanding structure–activity relationships in ferrite nanoparticles

IF 4.6 3区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Science and Engineering: B Pub Date : 2025-09-20 DOI:10.1016/j.mseb.2025.118774

M. Bielicka , U. Klekotka , D. Satuła , W. Lewandowska , I. Święcicka , B. Kalska-Szostko

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Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive study on the synthesis and characterization of ferrite nanoparticles doped with barium (Ba), calcium (Ca), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), gallium (Ga), lanthanum (La), neodymium (Nd), praseodymium (Pr), samarium (Sm), and zinc (Zn). The nanoparticles were prepared through a thermal decomposition of acetylacetonate salts synthesis method, allowing for precise doping with the selected elements. Transmission electron microscopy revealed uniform morphology and particle sizes ranging from 8 ± 2 to 13 ± 2 nm, with Zn-doped nanoparticles forming larger cauliflower-like aggregates. The specific surface area, determined by nitrogen adsorption using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method, ranged from 2 to 16 m²/g depending on the dopant. XRD confirmed the formation of spinel structures with minor secondary phases in Ba and Cd-doped samples. Fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated intense emission bands (420–540 nm) in Ca-, Sm-, and Zn-doped samples, linked to structural defects. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values indicated that the nanoparticles demonstrated moderate activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (MIC varied from 31.25 to 205 μg/ml) and the pathogenic fungus Candida krusei (MIC varied from 62.5 to 125 μg/ml). The findings demonstrate that precise doping can synergistically enhance magnetic, optical, and antimicrobial features, enabling targeted design of ferrite-based nanomaterials for multifunctional applications.

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从掺杂剂合成到抗菌活性：了解铁氧体纳米颗粒的构效关系

本文对掺杂钡（Ba）、钙（Ca）、镉（Cd）、铬（Cr）、镓（Ga）、镧（La）、钕（Nd）、镨（Pr）、钐（Sm）和锌（Zn）的铁酸盐纳米粒子的合成和表征进行了全面的研究。纳米颗粒是通过热分解乙酰丙酮盐合成方法制备的，允许与选定的元素精确掺杂。透射电镜显示，纳米颗粒形貌均匀，粒径在8±2 ~ 13±2 nm之间，掺杂锌的纳米颗粒形成较大的花椰菜状聚集体。比表面积由氮吸附法测定，根据掺杂剂的不同，比表面积在2 ~ 16 m2/g之间。XRD证实在Ba和cd掺杂样品中形成了少量二次相的尖晶石结构。荧光光谱显示，在Ca-， Sm-和zn掺杂样品中，与结构缺陷有关的强发射带（420-540 nm）。最小抑制浓度（MIC）值表明，纳米颗粒对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌（MIC值为31.25 ~ 205 μg/ml）和克鲁氏念珠菌（MIC值为62.5 ~ 125 μg/ml）具有中等抑制活性。研究结果表明，精确的掺杂可以协同增强磁性、光学和抗菌特性，使铁氧体基纳米材料的多功能应用成为可能。

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来源期刊

Materials Science and Engineering: B 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

2.80%

发文量

481

审稿时长

3.5 months

期刊介绍： The journal provides an international medium for the publication of theoretical and experimental studies and reviews related to the electronic, electrochemical, ionic, magnetic, optical, and biosensing properties of solid state materials in bulk, thin film and particulate forms. Papers dealing with synthesis, processing, characterization, structure, physical properties and computational aspects of nano-crystalline, crystalline, amorphous and glassy forms of ceramics, semiconductors, layered insertion compounds, low-dimensional compounds and systems, fast-ion conductors, polymers and dielectrics are viewed as suitable for publication. Articles focused on nano-structured aspects of these advanced solid-state materials will also be considered suitable.