CMS RPC background studies in LHC Run 2 and Run 3

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI:10.1016/j.nima.2025.171004

L. Favilla , M. Tytgat , K. Mota Amarilo , A. Samalan , K. Skovpen , G.A. Alves , E. Alves Coelho , F. Marujo da Silva , M. Barroso Ferreira Filho , E.M. Da Costa , D. De Jesus Damiao , S. Fonseca De Souza , R. Gomes De Souza , L. Mundim , H. Nogima , J.P. Pinheiro , A. Santoro , M. Thiel , A. Aleksandrov , R. Hadjiiska , J. Eysermans

{"title":"CMS RPC background studies in LHC Run 2 and Run 3","authors":"L. Favilla , M. Tytgat , K. Mota Amarilo , A. Samalan , K. Skovpen , G.A. Alves , E. Alves Coelho , F. Marujo da Silva , M. Barroso Ferreira Filho , E.M. Da Costa , D. De Jesus Damiao , S. Fonseca De Souza , R. Gomes De Souza , L. Mundim , H. Nogima , J.P. Pinheiro , A. Santoro , M. Thiel , A. Aleksandrov , R. Hadjiiska , J. Eysermans","doi":"10.1016/j.nima.2025.171004","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is a general purpose experiment to explore the physics of the TeV scale in proton–proton collisions provided by the CERN LHC. Muons constitute an important signature of new physics and their detection, triggering, reconstruction and identification is guaranteed by various sub-detectors using different detection systems. During Run 2 and Run 3, the higher instantaneous luminosity leads to a substantial background in the muon system. The analysis is based on data collected in pp collisions at 13.6TeV (Run 2) and 13.6TeV (Run 3) in 2018 and 2023–2024, respectively, with instantaneous luminosities up to 2.2 × 10<sup>34</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>. A thorough understanding of background rates provides the base for the upgrade of the muon detectors for the High-Luminosity LHC, where the instantaneous luminosity will reach 5–7.5 × 10<sup>34</sup> s<sup>-1</sup>, resulting in 140–200 simultaneous proton–proton collisions, i.e. collisions occurring within one single bunch time window.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19359,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","volume":"1082 ","pages":"Article 171004"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016890022500806X","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"INSTRUMENTS & INSTRUMENTATION","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) is a general purpose experiment to explore the physics of the TeV scale in proton–proton collisions provided by the CERN LHC. Muons constitute an important signature of new physics and their detection, triggering, reconstruction and identification is guaranteed by various sub-detectors using different detection systems. During Run 2 and Run 3, the higher instantaneous luminosity leads to a substantial background in the muon system. The analysis is based on data collected in pp collisions at 13.6 TeV (Run 2) and 13.6 TeV (Run 3) in 2018 and 2023–2024, respectively, with instantaneous luminosities up to 2.2 × 10³⁴ cm^-2 s^-1. A thorough understanding of background rates provides the base for the upgrade of the muon detectors for the High-Luminosity LHC, where the instantaneous luminosity will reach 5–7.5 × 10³⁴ cm^-2 s^-1, resulting in 140–200 simultaneous proton–proton collisions, i.e. collisions occurring within one single bunch time window.

查看原文本刊更多论文

CMS RPC在LHC Run 2和Run 3中的背景研究

紧凑介子螺线管（CMS）是欧洲核子研究中心（CERN）大型强子对撞机（LHC）提供的一个探索质子-质子碰撞中TeV尺度物理学的通用实验。μ介子是新物理学的重要标志，它的探测、触发、重建和识别是由不同探测系统的子探测器保证的。在运行2和运行3期间，较高的瞬时光度导致μ子系统中的大量背景。该分析基于2018年和2023-2024年分别在13.6 TeV （Run 2）和13.6 TeV （Run 3）下进行的pp碰撞收集的数据，瞬时亮度高达2.2 × 1034 cm-2 s-1。对背景速率的深入了解为高亮度LHC的μ子探测器的升级提供了基础，高亮度LHC的瞬时光度将达到5-7.5 × 1034 cm-2 s-1，同时产生140-200次质子-质子碰撞，即在单个束时间窗口内发生碰撞。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section A-accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment 物理-光谱学

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

21.40%

发文量

787

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Section A of Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research publishes papers on design, manufacturing and performance of scientific instruments with an emphasis on large scale facilities. This includes the development of particle accelerators, ion sources, beam transport systems and target arrangements as well as the use of secondary phenomena such as synchrotron radiation and free electron lasers. It also includes all types of instrumentation for the detection and spectrometry of radiations from high energy processes and nuclear decays, as well as instrumentation for experiments at nuclear reactors. Specialized electronics for nuclear and other types of spectrometry as well as computerization of measurements and control systems in this area also find their place in the A section. Theoretical as well as experimental papers are accepted.