A novel bed-based ballistocardiography system for non-contact monitoring of vital signs, apneas and arrhythmias via smartphone integration

IF 4.9 3区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI:10.1016/j.sna.2025.117058

Nuria López-Ruiz , María Agea , Alberto J. Palma , Pablo Escobedo , Antonio Martínez-Olmos

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This work presents a novel remote ballistocardiography system designed for continuous monitoring of individuals lying in bed. The system utilizes video recordings of a tracking marker placed on the side of the mattress. By processing the motion of this marker, ballistocardiographic waveforms are generated, capturing mattress displacements caused by cardiac activity, respiration, and body movements. The longitudinal and transverse axes of the mattress naturally separate the contributions of cardiac and respiratory signals within the ballistocardiography waveform. This orthogonal separation enables the independent analysis of each component, thereby enhancing the accuracy of heart and respiratory rate estimations. The system’s high resolution and sensitivity enable not only the reliable extraction of the subject's vital signs, but also the detection of activity episodes—both voluntary and involuntary—alongside physiological anomalies such as sleep apnea and cardiac arrhythmias. The simplicity of the proposed setup offers significant advantages over conventional ballistocardiography systems by eliminating the need for integrated sensors and periodic calibration, and by mitigating common challenges in remote ballistocardiography applications, including susceptibility to ambient lighting conditions.

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一种新型的基于床的弹道心动图系统，通过智能手机集成，用于非接触监测生命体征、呼吸暂停和心律失常

这项工作提出了一种新的远程弹道心动图系统，设计用于连续监测个人躺在床上。该系统利用放置在床垫一侧的跟踪标记的视频记录。通过处理该标记物的运动，生成弹道心动图波形，捕捉由心脏活动、呼吸和身体运动引起的床垫位移。床垫的纵向和横向轴自然地分离了心电图波形中心脏和呼吸信号的贡献。这种正交分离使每个成分的独立分析，从而提高心脏和呼吸速率估计的准确性。该系统的高分辨率和灵敏度不仅可以可靠地提取受试者的生命体征，还可以检测活动事件（包括自愿和非自愿）以及生理异常，如睡眠呼吸暂停和心律失常。与传统的弹道心动图系统相比，该装置的简单性提供了显著的优势，消除了对集成传感器和定期校准的需要，并减轻了远程弹道心动图应用中的常见挑战，包括对环境光照条件的敏感性。

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来源期刊

Sensors and Actuators A-physical 工程技术-工程：电子与电气

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

6.50%

发文量

630

审稿时长

49 days

期刊介绍： Sensors and Actuators A: Physical brings together multidisciplinary interests in one journal entirely devoted to disseminating information on all aspects of research and development of solid-state devices for transducing physical signals. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical regularly publishes original papers, letters to the Editors and from time to time invited review articles within the following device areas: • Fundamentals and Physics, such as: classification of effects, physical effects, measurement theory, modelling of sensors, measurement standards, measurement errors, units and constants, time and frequency measurement. Modeling papers should bring new modeling techniques to the field and be supported by experimental results. • Materials and their Processing, such as: piezoelectric materials, polymers, metal oxides, III-V and II-VI semiconductors, thick and thin films, optical glass fibres, amorphous, polycrystalline and monocrystalline silicon. • Optoelectronic sensors, such as: photovoltaic diodes, photoconductors, photodiodes, phototransistors, positron-sensitive photodetectors, optoisolators, photodiode arrays, charge-coupled devices, light-emitting diodes, injection lasers and liquid-crystal displays. • Mechanical sensors, such as: metallic, thin-film and semiconductor strain gauges, diffused silicon pressure sensors, silicon accelerometers, solid-state displacement transducers, piezo junction devices, piezoelectric field-effect transducers (PiFETs), tunnel-diode strain sensors, surface acoustic wave devices, silicon micromechanical switches, solid-state flow meters and electronic flow controllers. Etc...