Low-dose STS–PEG–chitosan coating on PLCL scaffolds: A multifunctional strategy for endothelialization, anti-inflammation, and antithrombosis in vascular grafts
Yutong Liu , Xiaolin Sun , Yunhuan Li , Kuihua Zhang , Zhiyong Yan , Changlin Zhai , Jinglei Wu , Anlin Yin
{"title":"Low-dose STS–PEG–chitosan coating on PLCL scaffolds: A multifunctional strategy for endothelialization, anti-inflammation, and antithrombosis in vascular grafts","authors":"Yutong Liu , Xiaolin Sun , Yunhuan Li , Kuihua Zhang , Zhiyong Yan , Changlin Zhai , Jinglei Wu , Anlin Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.coco.2025.102595","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The long-term success of small-diameter vascular grafts remains limited by thrombosis, chronic inflammation, and poor endothelialization. To address these challenges, we developed a multifunctional coating strategy by integrating polyethylene glycol–chitosan (PEG–CS) with low-dose sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS, 0.01 %) on poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) scaffolds. The PEG–CS/STS coating significantly improved hydrophilicity and structural stability, while providing bioactivity that promoted endothelial cell proliferation and alignment. In vitro studies demonstrated markedly reduced platelet adhesion and activation, along with a favorable shift in macrophage polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. These synergistic effects create a vascular-friendly microenvironment that promotes endothelialization and suppresses thrombosis and inflammation. PEG reduces platelet adsorption, allowing STS to exert its anti-inflammatory effects, while chitosan’s electrostatic interaction with STS supports its stable loading and controlled release, enhancing its bioactivity. Our findings highlight that the PEG-CS/STS modified scaffold effectively integrates endothelialization, immunomodulation, and antithrombotic protection, representing a promising next generation strategy for small diameter vascular grafts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10533,"journal":{"name":"Composites Communications","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 102595"},"PeriodicalIF":7.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Composites Communications","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2452213925003481","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
The long-term success of small-diameter vascular grafts remains limited by thrombosis, chronic inflammation, and poor endothelialization. To address these challenges, we developed a multifunctional coating strategy by integrating polyethylene glycol–chitosan (PEG–CS) with low-dose sodium tanshinone IIA sulfonate (STS, 0.01 %) on poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) scaffolds. The PEG–CS/STS coating significantly improved hydrophilicity and structural stability, while providing bioactivity that promoted endothelial cell proliferation and alignment. In vitro studies demonstrated markedly reduced platelet adhesion and activation, along with a favorable shift in macrophage polarization toward the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. These synergistic effects create a vascular-friendly microenvironment that promotes endothelialization and suppresses thrombosis and inflammation. PEG reduces platelet adsorption, allowing STS to exert its anti-inflammatory effects, while chitosan’s electrostatic interaction with STS supports its stable loading and controlled release, enhancing its bioactivity. Our findings highlight that the PEG-CS/STS modified scaffold effectively integrates endothelialization, immunomodulation, and antithrombotic protection, representing a promising next generation strategy for small diameter vascular grafts.
期刊介绍:
Composites Communications (Compos. Commun.) is a peer-reviewed journal publishing short communications and letters on the latest advances in composites science and technology. With a rapid review and publication process, its goal is to disseminate new knowledge promptly within the composites community. The journal welcomes manuscripts presenting creative concepts and new findings in design, state-of-the-art approaches in processing, synthesis, characterization, and mechanics modeling. In addition to traditional fiber-/particulate-reinforced engineering composites, it encourages submissions on composites with exceptional physical, mechanical, and fracture properties, as well as those with unique functions and significant application potential. This includes biomimetic and bio-inspired composites for biomedical applications, functional nano-composites for thermal management and energy applications, and composites designed for extreme service environments.