The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Improving Organizational Behavior: A Systematic Study

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) represents a transformative technology with the potential to profoundly influence organizational behavior (OB). It can enhance organizational performance and efficiency through mechanisms such as automation, resource optimization, and advanced data analysis. Nevertheless, the integration of AI within organizations presents various social and ethical dilemmas that could adversely impact fairness, privacy, and employee satisfaction. This research aims to develop a comprehensive framework that elucidates the role of AI in enhancing OB while also identifying the associated challenges and opportunities through a meta-synthesis approach. A systematic review of the literature was conducted, focusing on studies that explore the intersection of AI and OB, employing a qualitative meta-synthesis methodology. The data were sourced from scholarly articles published in esteemed scientific databases from 1995 to 2024. Ultimately, 18 articles specifically relevant to this subject were selected, and the data underwent analysis through open coding. This process yielded 231 distinct codes, which were subsequently organized and integrated based on their conceptual similarities into various dimensions and components. The findings showed that the impact of AI on OB includes five main dimensions: (1) automation, (2) innovation and organizational learning, (3) intelligent decision-making, (4) organizational culture and human interactions, and (5) ethics and leadership. These dimensions include components such as data analysis, improved decision-making, personalization, trust and information security, and adaptation to new technologies. Finally, a research model was presented focusing on these dimensions. In addition to the benefits related to productivity and improved decision-making, the implementation of AI in organizations requires ethical and cultural considerations to maintain satisfaction and human interactions. Paying attention to algorithmic fairness and transparency in decision-making can strengthen employee trust and facilitate the adoption of this technology. Therefore, organizations should manage the implementation of AI in a way that serves the development of OB and improved performance through training, developing ethical frameworks, and providing appropriate support.