Cu(II)-Aminotetrazole Complex Anchored on SBA-15: A High-Performance Catalyst for the Synthesis of 1,4-Disubstituted-1,2,3-Triazoles

IF 2.3 4区化学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Catalysis Letters Pub Date : 2025-09-22 DOI:10.1007/s10562-025-05179-2

Nafiseh Taghavi, Yagoub Mansoori, Somayeh Fekri, Yuksel Akinay, Tayfun Çetin

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Abstract

This research focuses on developing and thoroughly analyzing a copper catalyst anchored to SBA-15. The catalyst was prepared via stepwise functionalization of SBA-15, involving successive treatments with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), trichlorotriazine, and 5-aminotetrazole to form SBA@bis(ATET). Coordination with Cu(OAc)₂ in acetonitrile yielded the final complex, SBA@bis(ATET)-Cu(II). Characterization techniques included FT-IR, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface analysis, cross-polarization/magic angle spinning ¹³C NMR (CP/MAS ¹³C NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Catalytic studies demonstrated that SBA@bis(ATET)-Cu(II) efficiently catalyzed the synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazoles through the reaction of acetylenes, benzyl or alkyl halides, and sodium azide, achieving excellent yields under optimized conditions. The catalyst exhibited excellent recyclability, maintaining activity over five cycles with minimal deactivation and low copper leaching (1.25%) in the first cycle, highlighting its robustness and sustainability for organic synthesis applications.

Graphical Abstract

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SBA-15上锚定的Cu(II)-氨基四唑配合物：合成1,4-二取代-1,2,3-三唑的高性能催化剂

本研究的重点是开发和深入分析锚定在SBA-15上的铜催化剂。催化剂通过SBA-15的逐步功能化制备，包括（3-氨基丙基）三乙氧基硅烷（APTES）、三氯三嗪和5-氨基四唑的连续处理，形成SBA@bis（ATET）。与Cu(OAc)2在乙腈中配位得到最终的配合物SBA@bis(ATET)-Cu（II）。表征技术包括FT-IR， brunauer - emmet - teller （BET）表面分析，交叉极化/魔角旋转13C NMR (CP/MAS 13C NMR)，热重分析（TGA）和x射线光电子能谱（XPS）。催化研究表明，SBA@bis(ATET)-Cu（II）通过乙炔、苄基卤化物或烷基卤化物和叠氮化钠的反应，有效地催化了1,4-二取代-1,2,3-三唑的合成，并在优化条件下取得了优异的产率。该催化剂表现出优异的可回收性，在5个循环中保持活性，失活最小，第一个循环铜浸出率低（1.25%），突出了其在有机合成应用中的稳健性和可持续性。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Catalysis Letters 化学-物理化学

CiteScore

5.70

自引率

3.60%

发文量

327

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Catalysis Letters aim is the rapid publication of outstanding and high-impact original research articles in catalysis. The scope of the journal covers a broad range of topics in all fields of both applied and theoretical catalysis, including heterogeneous, homogeneous and biocatalysis. The high-quality original research articles published in Catalysis Letters are subject to rigorous peer review. Accepted papers are published online first and subsequently in print issues. All contributions must include a graphical abstract. Manuscripts should be written in English and the responsibility lies with the authors to ensure that they are grammatically and linguistically correct. Authors for whom English is not the working language are encouraged to consider using a professional language-editing service before submitting their manuscripts.