Dietary prebiotics combined with iron supplementation: A two-pronged approach to reduce rice cadmium bioavailability

IF 3.5 3区医学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Food and Chemical Toxicology Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.fct.2025.115745

Rong-Yue Xue , Yao-Sheng Zhang , Jin-Feng Xi, Lei Zhou, Xin-Ying Lin, Tian-Wen Ye, Yu-Hang Bao, Dongmei Zhou, Hong-Bo Li

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Abstract

While the role of improving gut microbiota and elevating dietary iron (Fe) in reducing cadmium (Cd) oral bioavailability has been assessed, the role of dietary prebiotics combined with Fe in synergistically reducing Cd bioavailability from rice remains underexplored. This study utilized mouse bioassays to investigate the potential of prebiotics alone or combined with Fe in reducing rice Cd bioavailability. In experiments with mice fed Fe-sufficient diets (60.6 μg g⁻¹) supplemented with Cd, dietary fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), and inulin (at 5 % w/w) enhanced Fe absorption and reduced Cd uptake. However, in mice consuming Cd-contaminated rice with low Fe content (6.81 μg g⁻¹), these prebiotics did not increase Fe absorption but lowered mouse kidney Cd by 12.1–20.7 % by improving gut microbiota. Combining 5 % GOS with 100 μg Fe g⁻¹ in Cd-contaminated rice diets resulted in a 59 % reduction in kidney Cd accumulation, more effective than the reduction with either GOS (8.66 %) or Fe (31.9 %) alone, due to the combination of the role of GOS in improving gut microbiota and enhancing intestinal barrier functions and the role of Fe in lowering intestinal Fe transporters. These findings propose a combined dietary strategy to efficiently mitigate the health risks associated with rice Cd exposure.

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膳食益生元结合铁补充：双管齐下的方法来降低水稻镉的生物利用度

虽然已经评估了改善肠道微生物群和提高膳食铁（Fe）在降低镉（Cd）口服生物利用度中的作用，但膳食益生元与铁联合使用在协同降低水稻镉（Cd）生物利用度中的作用仍未得到充分探讨。本研究利用小鼠生物测定法研究了益生元单独使用或与铁联合使用降低水稻镉生物利用度的潜力。在实验中，小鼠饲喂含铁（60.6 μg−1）的低聚果糖（FOS）、低聚半乳糖（GOS）和菊糖（5% w/w），增强了铁的吸收，降低了镉的吸收。然而，在食用低铁含量（6.81 μg−1）镉污染大米的小鼠中，这些益生元并没有增加铁的吸收，但通过改善肠道微生物群，使小鼠肾Cd降低了12.1 - 20.7%。在受Cd污染的大米饲粮中，将5% GOS与100 μg Fe g−1联合使用，可使肾脏Cd积累减少59%，比单独使用GOS（8.66%）或Fe（31.9%）更有效，这是由于GOS具有改善肠道微生物群和增强肠道屏障功能的作用，以及铁降低肠道铁转运蛋白的作用。这些发现提出了一种综合饮食策略，以有效减轻与水稻镉暴露相关的健康风险。

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来源期刊

Food and Chemical Toxicology 工程技术-毒理学

CiteScore

10.90

自引率

4.70%

发文量

651

审稿时长

31 days

期刊介绍： Food and Chemical Toxicology (FCT), an internationally renowned journal, that publishes original research articles and reviews on toxic effects, in animals and humans, of natural or synthetic chemicals occurring in the human environment with particular emphasis on food, drugs, and chemicals, including agricultural and industrial safety, and consumer product safety. Areas such as safety evaluation of novel foods and ingredients, biotechnologically-derived products, and nanomaterials are included in the scope of the journal. FCT also encourages submission of papers on inter-relationships between nutrition and toxicology and on in vitro techniques, particularly those fostering the 3 Rs. The principal aim of the journal is to publish high impact, scholarly work and to serve as a multidisciplinary forum for research in toxicology. Papers submitted will be judged on the basis of scientific originality and contribution to the field, quality and subject matter. Studies should address at least one of the following: -Adverse physiological/biochemical, or pathological changes induced by specific defined substances -New techniques for assessing potential toxicity, including molecular biology -Mechanisms underlying toxic phenomena -Toxicological examinations of specific chemicals or consumer products, both those showing adverse effects and those demonstrating safety, that meet current standards of scientific acceptability. Authors must clearly and briefly identify what novel toxic effect (s) or toxic mechanism (s) of the chemical are being reported and what their significance is in the abstract. Furthermore, sufficient doses should be included in order to provide information on NOAEL/LOAEL values.