Prevention of postoperative complications in axillary lymphadenectomy through adhesive application

Abstract

Background

Postoperative complications, particularly those involving lymphatic drainage, remain a significant challenge for patients undergoing axillary lymphadenectomy (ALND) as part of breast cancer surgery. These complications can delay the initiation of adjuvant therapies, increase healthcare costs, and negatively affect patients’ quality of life. This study evaluated the use of a latex-based tissue adhesive (LTA) as an intraoperative strategy to prevent seroma formation and prolonged lymphorrhea following axillary dissection.

Methods

In this prospective study, 65 female patients diagnosed with stage IIb–III breast cancer and clinically confirmed axillary lymph node involvement were enrolled. Participants were divided into two groups. The study group (n=33) received an intraoperative application of LTA without drainage, while the control group (n=32) underwent standard ALND with placement of a silicone vacuum drain. Postoperative outcomes assessed included lymphatic drainage volume, number of aspirations, duration of lymphorrhea, length of hospital stay, and incidence of complications.

Results

Use of the LTA significantly reduced both the volume and duration of postoperative lymphorrhea. By postoperative day 10, the average wound exudate volume in the LTA group was 8.2 ​± ​3.3 ​mL, compared to 54.1 ± 3.9 ​mL in the control group—an 84.8% reduction. The LTA group also experienced shorter hospital stays and fewer cases of postoperative seroma requiring intervention.

Conclusion

LTA appears to be a safe, effective, and practical intraoperative technique for preventing lymphatic complications after ALND. Its use may reduce dependence on drainage systems, shorten hospitalization, and support earlier initiation of adjuvant therapies, ultimately improving surgical outcomes and patient recovery.