Comparison of coronary artery disease involvement in patients with or without familial history

Abstract

Introduction

Family history (FH) and genetic factors contribute significantly to coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. Given limited data on this association in the Iranian population, this study assessed CAD involvement patterns among patients with and without positive familial history.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2019 to April 2020 at Imam Reza and Ghaem Hospitals, Mashhad, Iran. We enrolled 300 patients who presented with typical chest pain and confirmed CAD via coronary angiography. Participants were divided into two groups based on FH of CAD and evaluated for potential risk factors.

Results

Of 300 patients, 170 had positive FH and 130 did not. The cohort included 175 males (58.3 %) with a mean age of 54.2 years. Multivariate logistic regression identified age (OR: 1.04, p = 0.014), male gender (OR: 0.56, p = 0.035), and hypertension (OR: 1.99, p = 0.008) as significant differentiators between FH groups. Positive FH was independently associated with more extensive CAD, including multivessel involvement and greater severity of disease.

Conclusion

Positive familial history is strongly associated with increased severity and extent of CAD in Iranian patients. Incorporating FH into risk stratification can improve identification of high-risk individuals for targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies.