Land use and economic development influenced the hotspots of groundwater storage gains and losses in mainland China in the past 20 years

IF 6.3 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL
Qian Zhang , Shengwei Lv , Shengwei Zhang , Ying Zhou , Xi Lin , Lin Yang , Shuai Wang , Ruishen Li
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Groundwater is the world’s largest freshwater resource after ice caps and glaciers, and its over-exploitation can disrupt regional hydrological cycles, leading to issues such as land subsidence and salinization. Identifying hotspots and drivers of groundwater storage changes is essential for sustainable water management and climate change mitigation. This study uses GRACE/GRACE-FO satellite data to identify groundwater storage change hotspots in mainland China over the past two decades, employing Pettitt-test and temporal stability analyses. To ensure reliability, we cross-validated the GRACE/GRACE-FO-derived groundwater storage against Watergap Global Hydrological Model and available well records, the correlation coefficient distribution is 0.76–0.88. The hotspots are categorized into loss (I, II, III) and gain (IV, V) categories. The severity of both gain and loss conditions increases with the level. Additionally, the study quantifies the contributions of natural and anthropogenic factors by integrating climatic and socio-economic variables. The results indicate that loss hotspots dominate in North China, Loess Plateau, Northwest China, Northeast China, and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region, the combined proportion of Level I, II, and III loss hotspots exceeds 60%, whereas in other regions, the combined proportion of these loss hotspots is over 75%. In contrast, surplus hotspots are prevalent in South China, Ch-Yu region, Middle-Lower Yangtze River, and Yun-Gui Plateau, where level IV and V gain hotspots exceed 60%. Groundwater changes in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Loess Plateau are primarily influenced by land use, whereas economic factors play a more significant role in other regions. This study offers valuable insights into regional groundwater changes across China and provides a scientific foundation for effective water resource management.
近20年来,土地利用和经济发展影响了中国大陆地下水储存量损益热点
地下水是世界上仅次于冰盖和冰川的最大淡水资源,其过度开采会破坏区域水文循环,导致地面沉降和盐碱化等问题。确定地下水储存变化的热点和驱动因素对于可持续水资源管理和减缓气候变化至关重要。本研究利用GRACE/GRACE- fo卫星数据,采用Pettitt-test和时间稳定性分析,对中国大陆近20年地下水储量变化热点地区进行了识别。为了确保可靠性,我们将GRACE/GRACE- fo导出的地下水储量与Watergap全球水文模型和现有井记录进行交叉验证,相关系数分布为0.76-0.88。热点分为损失(I、II、III)和收益(IV、V)两类。收益和损失条件的严重程度都随着水平的增加而增加。此外,该研究通过综合气候和社会经济变量,量化了自然和人为因素的贡献。华南地区、滇渝地区、长江中下游地区和云贵高原地区普遍存在剩余热点,IV级和V级增益热点超过60%。该研究为研究中国区域地下水变化提供了有价值的见解,并为有效的水资源管理提供了科学依据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Hydrology
Journal of Hydrology 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
12.50%
发文量
1309
审稿时长
7.5 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Hydrology publishes original research papers and comprehensive reviews in all the subfields of the hydrological sciences including water based management and policy issues that impact on economics and society. These comprise, but are not limited to the physical, chemical, biogeochemical, stochastic and systems aspects of surface and groundwater hydrology, hydrometeorology and hydrogeology. Relevant topics incorporating the insights and methodologies of disciplines such as climatology, water resource systems, hydraulics, agrohydrology, geomorphology, soil science, instrumentation and remote sensing, civil and environmental engineering are included. Social science perspectives on hydrological problems such as resource and ecological economics, environmental sociology, psychology and behavioural science, management and policy analysis are also invited. Multi-and interdisciplinary analyses of hydrological problems are within scope. The science published in the Journal of Hydrology is relevant to catchment scales rather than exclusively to a local scale or site.
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