ZnO/chitin/Fe3O4 nanocomposite as an efficient adsorbent for preconcentration and trace determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

IF 4.2 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI:10.1016/j.rechem.2025.102722

Alireza Shirmahi , Maryam Rajabi , Hamidreza Haghgoo Qezelje , Hossein Youssefian , Sayeh Ghanbari Adivi , Sara Zolfaghari , Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei , Ozara Peiravi , Mehdi Mousavi Kamazani , Alireza Asghari

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Abstract

In this study, an eco-friendly ZnO/Fe₃O₄/Chitin nanocomposite was synthesized using chitin extracted from mealworm skin and applied as an efficient adsorbent for the preconcentration and determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), namely naproxen and mefenamic acid, via ultrasonic-assisted dispersive micro solid-phase extraction (UA-d-μ-SPE) coupled with HPLC-UV–Vis. Experimental variables affecting adsorption and desorption were optimized through central composite design (CCD) and one-variable-at-a-time (OVAT) methods. The Langmuir isotherm best described the sorption behavior, with maximum monolayer capacities (q_max) of 69.75 and 55.29 mg/g for naproxen and mefenamic acid, respectively. Thermodynamic analysis confirmed spontaneous and feasible adsorption, while kinetic data followed a pseudo-first-order model. Under optimized conditions, limits of detection were 1.5 and 1.4 ng mL⁻¹, with linear dynamic ranges of 5.0–550 ng mL⁻¹ and enrichment factors of ∼37. The nanocomposite demonstrated good precision (RSD < 4 %) and reusability up to eight cycles without significant performance loss. These results highlight ZnO/Fe₃O₄/Chitin as a sustainable and reliable nanoadsorbent for trace analysis of NSAIDs in biological matrices.

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ZnO/几丁质/Fe3O4纳米复合材料在非甾体类抗炎药预富集和痕量测定中的应用

以粉虫皮中提取的几丁质为原料，合成了一种环保型的ZnO/Fe₃O₄/几丁质纳米复合材料，并采用超声辅助分散微固相萃取(UA-d-μ-SPE) - HPLC-UV-Vis联用技术，将其作为高效吸附剂，用于萘普生和甲氧胺酸非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）的预富集和测定。通过中心复合设计（CCD）和单变量-一次（OVAT）方法对影响吸附和脱附的实验变量进行了优化。Langmuir等温线对萘普生和甲胺酸的最大吸附量（qmax）分别为69.75 mg/g和55.29 mg/g。热力学分析证实吸附是自发和可行的，而动力学数据则遵循伪一阶模型。在优化条件下，检测限分别为1.5和1.4 ng mL - 1，线性动态范围为5.0 ~ 550 ng mL - 1，富集因子为~ 37。该纳米复合材料表现出良好的精度（RSD < 4%）和可重复使用长达8次循环而没有明显的性能损失。这些结果表明ZnO/Fe₃O₄/甲壳素是一种可持续、可靠的纳米吸附剂，可用于生物基质中nsaid的痕量分析。

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