Fusarium infection alters the effects of vegetable residue and its compost on nitrous oxide emissions from acid soil

IF 5 2区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Applied Soil Ecology Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI:10.1016/j.apsoil.2025.106478

Yumeng Xu , Xiaoxiao Xiang , Waqar Ahmed , Junhui Yin , Owen Fenton , Wenxuan Shi , Jiaqi Wang , Ruixue Chang , Rui Liu , Hao Chen , Guorong Xin , Qing Chen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The use of crop residues and compost to enhance acid soil fertility is widespread. However, intensive agricultural practices have increased soil-borne diseases, particularly Fusarium wilt, which affects crop residues. The impact of diseased residues on nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions and nitrogen (N) transformation (net ammonification, net nitrification, and net mineralization) in acid soils remain unclear. A 30-day incubation study compared five treatments: (i) control, (ii) residue (R), (iii) Fusarium-infected residue (FR), (iv) residue compost (RC), and (v) Fusarium-infected residue compost (FRC). Results showed that FR reduced N₂O emissions by 15 % compared to R, while FRC increased emissions by 48 % over RC. Labile carbon fractions strongly influenced N₂O release, with uninfected residues containing twice the starch of diseased residues. Structural Equation Model revealed that disease effects of residue and compost on N₂O emissions were mediated by the abundance of ITS and p450nor genes, respectively. These findings highlight environmental risks associated with composting diseased residues. Future work should focus on field-scale experiments to define the best practices and mitigate environmental losses.

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镰刀菌感染改变了蔬菜残渣及其堆肥对酸性土壤氧化亚氮排放的影响

利用作物残茬和堆肥来提高酸性土壤肥力的做法很普遍。然而，集约化的农业做法增加了土传疾病，特别是枯萎病，它影响作物残留物。病害残留物对酸性土壤中氧化亚氮（N2O）排放和氮(N)转化（净氨化、净硝化和净矿化）的影响尚不清楚。一项为期30天的培养研究比较了五种处理：(i)对照，（ii）残渣(R), （iii）镰刀菌感染残渣（FR），（iv）残渣堆肥（RC）和(v)镰刀菌感染残渣堆肥（FRC）。结果表明，与RC相比，FR减少了15%的N2O排放量，而FRC比RC增加了48%的排放量。活性碳组分强烈影响N2O的释放，未感染残渣的淀粉含量是患病残渣的两倍。结构方程模型显示，残渣和堆肥对N2O排放的病害效应分别由ITS和p450nor基因丰度介导。这些发现突出了与堆肥患病残留物相关的环境风险。未来的工作应侧重于实地规模的实验，以确定最佳做法并减轻环境损失。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied Soil Ecology 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

9.70

自引率

4.20%

发文量

363

审稿时长

5.3 months

期刊介绍： Applied Soil Ecology addresses the role of soil organisms and their interactions in relation to: sustainability and productivity, nutrient cycling and other soil processes, the maintenance of soil functions, the impact of human activities on soil ecosystems and bio(techno)logical control of soil-inhabiting pests, diseases and weeds.