Internal bremsstrahlung in beta decays

IF 1.8 3区工程技术 Q3 CHEMISTRY, INORGANIC & NUCLEAR

Applied Radiation and Isotopes Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI:10.1016/j.apradiso.2025.112197

Xavier Mougeot, Gaël Craveiro, Sylvain Leblond

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Abstract

This study investigates the effect of partially absorbed internal bremsstrahlung photons on the shape of beta spectra, a scenario more akin to experimental reality than the usual assumptions of either full absorption or complete loss. To this end, two theoretical models of the internal bremsstrahlung process were implemented in a custom program: the historical KUB model and a more advanced QED model that includes Coulomb and recoil corrections. Both were validated against experimental data across various atomic numbers. Geant4 simulations were next developed to model internal bremsstrahlung emission during beta decay events for two realistic experimental setups, considering a well-suited radionuclide for each. Results showed a minimal impact on the beta spectrum of ⁹⁹Tc when measured with a cryogenic detector, and a modest but discernible effect at high energy for ³²P when measured with silicon detectors. Sensitivity of the spectrum shape to internal bremsstrahlung effect would require the measurement of approximately 10⁹ events for ⁹⁹Tc and 10⁸ events for ³²P, making experimental detection of this effect challenging. Despite this, the study offers a flexible methodology for assessing spectrum distortions due to internal bremsstrahlung in future experiments involving other radionuclides and detection systems.

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衰变中的内部韧致

本研究研究了部分吸收的内部轫致辐射光子对β光谱形状的影响，这种情况比通常的完全吸收或完全损失的假设更接近于实验现实。为此，在定制程序中实现了内部韧致过程的两个理论模型：历史KUB模型和更先进的QED模型，其中包括库仑和后坐力修正。两者都用不同原子序数的实验数据进行了验证。接下来开发了Geant4模拟，在两个实际实验装置中模拟β衰变事件期间的内部轫致辐射，并为每个装置考虑了合适的放射性核素。结果表明，低温探测器对99Tc的β谱影响很小，而硅探测器对32P的β谱影响不大，但在高能量下影响明显。光谱形状对内部轫致效应的敏感性需要测量99Tc的大约109个事件和32P的108个事件，这使得实验检测这种效应具有挑战性。尽管如此，该研究提供了一种灵活的方法，用于评估未来涉及其他放射性核素和探测系统的实验中由于内部轫致致而造成的光谱扭曲。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Applied Radiation and Isotopes 工程技术-核科学技术

CiteScore

3.00

自引率

12.50%

发文量

406

审稿时长

13.5 months

期刊介绍： Applied Radiation and Isotopes provides a high quality medium for the publication of substantial, original and scientific and technological papers on the development and peaceful application of nuclear, radiation and radionuclide techniques in chemistry, physics, biochemistry, biology, medicine, security, engineering and in the earth, planetary and environmental sciences, all including dosimetry. Nuclear techniques are defined in the broadest sense and both experimental and theoretical papers are welcome. They include the development and use of α- and β-particles, X-rays and γ-rays, neutrons and other nuclear particles and radiations from all sources, including radionuclides, synchrotron sources, cyclotrons and reactors and from the natural environment. The journal aims to publish papers with significance to an international audience, containing substantial novelty and scientific impact. The Editors reserve the rights to reject, with or without external review, papers that do not meet these criteria. Papers dealing with radiation processing, i.e., where radiation is used to bring about a biological, chemical or physical change in a material, should be directed to our sister journal Radiation Physics and Chemistry.