Review of Ordered Pores in Nanomaterials for Energy Applications Ranging from Energy Storage to Catalysis

Abstract

Energy is a fundamental necessity in everyday life, and nanotechnology has profoundly influenced energy storage and conversion. Diverse strategies and advancements have been utilized over the years to revolutionize porous nanomaterials. Controlling the pore size of nanomaterials is an efficient approach to enhance energy production. Nanoporous materials possess pores of differing dimensions, each serving a unique function in various energy applications. This review offers a state-of-the-art overview of recent advancements in the production of ordered porous materials for diverse energy applications, including supercapacitors, batteries, CO₂ capture, and electrocatalysis. It explores the critical importance of distinct pore dimensions for a particular application. Micropores and ultramicropores are optimal for charge storage and CO₂ capture, while mesopores with a narrow pore size distribution are advantageous for catalysis. On the contrary, batteries necessitate a broad range of pore sizes. The proposed review content may facilitate broader applicability in diverse energy sectors within the confined dimensions of porous structures.