Elucidate the influence of polymers on the energy storage characteristics of cementitious composites

Abstract

Cementitious composites are the foundation of modern buildings but suffer from intensive energy consumption, and combining them with energy storage holds significant importance for energy conservation and emission reduction. In this study, the polymer cementitious composites (PCCs) with outstanding electrochemical properties are synthesized by a facile and feasible method. The interwoven polymer structure in PCCs facilitates efficient ion migration through interconnected pathways. Controlled variation in polymer dosages enables the development of multifunctional PCCs, attaining peak mechanical-electrochemical synergy at 24.7 MPa compressive strength and 16.6 mS cm⁻¹ ionic conductivity. Moreover, the assembled cementitious structural supercapacitor (CSSC) achieves a quality energy density of 45.1 μWh cm⁻² (70.5 μWh cm⁻³) at a power density of 0.25 mW cm⁻² (0.39 mW cm⁻³) and excellent cycle life of 95.7 % capacitance retention after 4000 cycles. Furthermore, the CSSC can maintain stable electrochemical behavior while withstanding external loads. The real-time practical application of the CSSC is tested by powering thermal hygrometer. This approach provides a novel approach for durable, cementitious high-performance supercapacitors, advancing net-zero energy consumption buildings.