Different types of nanoplastics exert varying degrees of toxicity on human sperm at semen-related concentrations

IF 2.8 4区 医学 Q2 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
Yujie Wang , Yanfan Cui , Yixuan Li , Tao Luo , Jiyan Li
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Abstract

Previous research on the toxicity of nanoplastics (NPs) on male reproduction have centered on polystyrene (PS), a diverse range of NPs types has been identified in human semen and testes, warranting further investigation. In the present study, we employed pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GCMS) to quantify the presence of multiple NPs in human semen. Subsequently, we assessed the impact of various NPs at semen-related concentrations on human sperm functions and physiological parameters. Polypropylene (PP, 0.19–33.85 μg/mL), polyethylene (PE, 3.53–865.55 μg/mL), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET, 305.74 μg/mL) were detected in human semen. Exposure to PE at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 mg/mL significantly reduced sperm viability, motility, penetration ability, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), while also inducing oxidative stress. At 1 mg/mL, PET decreased sperm motility, penetration ability and MMP, though it did not affect viability or reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. In contrast, PP exhibited no adverse effects on sperm functions and physiological parameters at semen-related concentrations. Our findings demonstrate that different types of NPs exert varying degrees of toxicity on human sperm at semen-related concentrations, with PE exhibiting the highest toxicity and PP showing no observable toxicity. Moreover, exposure to mixture of NPs more accurately reflects human daily exposure scenarios. We evaluated the effects of mixed NPs on sperm function and observed that, with increasing co-incubation time, the NPs mixture induced more pronounced impairments in sperm viability and other parameters compared to exposure to any single type of NPs.
不同类型的纳米塑料在与精液相关的浓度下对人类精子产生不同程度的毒性。
以往关于纳米塑料(NPs)对男性生殖毒性的研究主要集中在聚苯乙烯(PS)上,在人类精液和睾丸中发现了多种不同类型的纳米塑料,值得进一步研究。在本研究中,我们采用热解气相色谱-质谱法(Py-GCMS)定量分析了人类精液中多种NPs的存在。随后,我们评估了精液相关浓度下各种NPs对人类精子功能和生理参数的影响。人精液中检测到聚丙烯(PP, 0.19 ~ 33.85μg/mL)、聚乙烯(PE, 3.53 ~ 865.55μg/mL)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET, 305.74μg/mL)。暴露于浓度为0.5和1mg/mL的PE显著降低了精子活力、运动性、穿透能力和线粒体膜电位(MMP),同时也诱导了氧化应激。当浓度为1mg/mL时,PET降低了精子活力、穿透能力和MMP,但不影响精子活力或活性氧(ROS)水平。相反,在与精液相关的浓度下,PP对精子功能和生理参数没有不良影响。我们的研究结果表明,在与精液相关的浓度下,不同类型的NPs对人类精子具有不同程度的毒性,其中PE表现出最高的毒性,PP没有明显的毒性。此外,暴露于NPs混合物更准确地反映了人类日常暴露情景。我们评估了混合NPs对精子功能的影响,并观察到,与暴露于任何单一类型的NPs相比,随着共孵育时间的增加,NPs混合物对精子活力和其他参数的损害更为明显。
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来源期刊
Reproductive toxicology
Reproductive toxicology 生物-毒理学
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
3.00%
发文量
131
审稿时长
45 days
期刊介绍: Drawing from a large number of disciplines, Reproductive Toxicology publishes timely, original research on the influence of chemical and physical agents on reproduction. Written by and for obstetricians, pediatricians, embryologists, teratologists, geneticists, toxicologists, andrologists, and others interested in detecting potential reproductive hazards, the journal is a forum for communication among researchers and practitioners. Articles focus on the application of in vitro, animal and clinical research to the practice of clinical medicine. All aspects of reproduction are within the scope of Reproductive Toxicology, including the formation and maturation of male and female gametes, sexual function, the events surrounding the fusion of gametes and the development of the fertilized ovum, nourishment and transport of the conceptus within the genital tract, implantation, embryogenesis, intrauterine growth, placentation and placental function, parturition, lactation and neonatal survival. Adverse reproductive effects in males will be considered as significant as adverse effects occurring in females. To provide a balanced presentation of approaches, equal emphasis will be given to clinical and animal or in vitro work. Typical end points that will be studied by contributors include infertility, sexual dysfunction, spontaneous abortion, malformations, abnormal histogenesis, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, prematurity, behavioral abnormalities, and perinatal mortality.
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