Synthesis of a Novel Supermagnetic Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and their Congo Red Dye Removal, Cytotoxic, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities

IF 4.3 4区物理与天体物理 Q2 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Plasmonics Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI:10.1007/s11468-025-02779-x

Semih Gökdağ, Fatma Caf, Fulya Doğaner, Bülent Kaya, Gürkan Aykutoğlu

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Plantago lanceolata is a traditional medicinal plant that has attracted significant interest from researchers due to the use of its physiologically active components, particularly polyphenolics (flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids), in various fields. The aim of this study is to synthesize iron oxide (PLE@FeNPs) nanoparticles using a green synthesis approach with Plantago lanceolata (P. lanceolata) leaf extracts, characterize them, evaluate their in vitro effects, and assess their use in the removal of Congo red (CR) from wastewater. We carried out the physicochemical characterization of the nanoparticles using UV–Vis, FT-IR, and XRD spectroscopies; TEM and SEM microscopy; and Zetasizer particle size analysis. While the distinct peaks in XRD confirm the crystalline structure, TEM has determined an average particle size (8 nm) for PLE@NPs with deformed spherical nanoparticles. The FT-IR spectra showed that bioactive compounds from P. lanceolata were involved in the participation of PLE@FeNPs. EDX confirmed the presence of iron in the designed PLE@FeNPs. The antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer analyses of the studied PLE@FeNPs revealed significant activities. We investigated the adsorption kinetics of CR on PLE@FeNPs, taking into account initial dye concentration, different pH levels, adsorbent dosages, and temperature. At optimal conditions (concentration, 50 ppm; dosage, 15 mg; pH, 8), the degradation of CR dye in sunlight was found to be 99%. The small size of PLE@NPs (8 nm) and the more negative zeta potential (− 12.2 mV) support this situation. The equilibrium data demonstrated a good fit to the Langmuir isotherm model, outperforming the Freundlich isotherm model. The results showed that the pseudo-second-order kinetic model accurately described the kinetic data. PLE@NPs exhibited significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities. This situation suggests that the nanocomposition of PLE@NPs obtained through the green route may have improved efficiency due to various synergistic effects. Overall, these results pave the way for further applications in dye removal and biological applications of environmentally friendly PLE@FeNPs.

Graphical Abstract

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新型超磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒的合成及其对刚果红染料的去除、细胞毒、抗氧化和抗菌活性

车前草是一种传统的药用植物，由于其生理活性成分，特别是多酚类物质（类黄酮、羟基肉桂酸）在各个领域的应用，引起了研究人员的极大兴趣。本研究以车前草（P. lanceolata）叶提取物为原料，采用绿色合成方法合成氧化铁纳米颗粒（PLE@FeNPs），对其进行表征，评价其体外效果，并评估其在废水中刚果红（CR）去除中的应用。我们使用UV-Vis， FT-IR和XRD光谱对纳米颗粒进行了物理化学表征；TEM和SEM显微镜；Zetasizer粒度分析。虽然XRD的明显峰证实了晶体结构，但TEM已经确定了具有变形球形纳米颗粒的PLE@NPs的平均粒径（8 nm）。红外光谱分析表明，杉木中有活性物质参与了PLE@FeNPs的合成。EDX证实了设计的PLE@FeNPs中铁的存在。所研究的PLE@FeNPs的抗菌、抗氧化和抗癌分析显示出显著的活性。我们研究了CR在PLE@FeNPs上的吸附动力学，考虑了初始染料浓度、不同pH值、吸附剂剂量和温度。在最佳条件下（浓度为50 ppm，投加量为15 mg， pH为8），CR染料在阳光下的降解率为99%。PLE@NPs的小尺寸（8 nm）和更负的zeta电位（- 12.2 mV）支持这种情况。平衡数据与Langmuir等温线模型拟合较好，优于Freundlich等温线模型。结果表明，拟二阶动力学模型能较好地描述动力学数据。PLE@NPs具有显著的抗氧化、抗菌和抗癌活性。这种情况表明，通过绿色途径获得的PLE@NPs纳米组合物可能由于各种协同效应而提高了效率。总的来说，这些结果为染料去除和环境友好型生物应用的进一步应用铺平了道路PLE@FeNPs.Graphical摘要

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来源期刊

Plasmonics 工程技术-材料科学：综合

CiteScore

5.90

自引率

6.70%

发文量

164

审稿时长

2.1 months

期刊介绍： Plasmonics is an international forum for the publication of peer-reviewed leading-edge original articles that both advance and report our knowledge base and practice of the interactions of free-metal electrons, Plasmons. Topics covered include notable advances in the theory, Physics, and applications of surface plasmons in metals, to the rapidly emerging areas of nanotechnology, biophotonics, sensing, biochemistry and medicine. Topics, including the theory, synthesis and optical properties of noble metal nanostructures, patterned surfaces or materials, continuous or grated surfaces, devices, or wires for their multifarious applications are particularly welcome. Typical applications might include but are not limited to, surface enhanced spectroscopic properties, such as Raman scattering or fluorescence, as well developments in techniques such as surface plasmon resonance and near-field scanning optical microscopy.