A Review on Liquid-Ammonia Injection and Combustion for Engine Applications

IF 11.6 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Hao Wu, Fahad Almatrafi, Moez Ben Houidi, Tiegang Fang, William L. Roberts
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This comprehensive review examines the application of liquid-ammonia injection and combustion in engine systems, highlighting the potential of liquid ammonia as a carbon-neutral fuel alternative. The study synthesizes recent advancements in liquid-ammonia injection and combustion technologies, addressing critical domains such as fundamental fuel properties, injection and spray dynamics, combustion behavior, and engine performance. Key challenges are identified, including ammonia’s high latent heat of vaporization, slow flame-propagation speed, narrow flammability range, and elevated NOx emissions, while emphasizing the need for optimized injection strategies and nozzle designs to enhance atomization and mixing. The research findings indicate that liquid-ammonia injection can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, with dual-fuel modes (e.g., ammonia–diesel) proving effective in overcoming ammonia’s low reactivity. Studies show that both low-pressure and high-pressure dual fuel-injection modes can achieve substantial emission reductions, with high-pressure injections offering better thermal efficiency and lower NOx emissions. Innovative approaches, such as turbulent jet ignition, stratified fuel injection, and hydrogen co-injection, have been explored to improve ignition efficiency and combustion stability. Future research should prioritize the development of integrated solutions that combine advanced combustion technologies, optimized engine designs, and effective emission-control strategies. Collaboration between academia, industry, and policymakers will be crucial in driving the adoption of ammonia as a sustainable fuel alternative.
液氨喷射与燃烧技术在发动机中的应用综述
本文全面回顾了液氨喷射和燃烧在发动机系统中的应用,强调了液氨作为碳中性燃料替代品的潜力。该研究综合了液氨喷射和燃烧技术的最新进展,涉及基本燃料特性、喷射和喷雾动力学、燃烧行为和发动机性能等关键领域。主要挑战包括氨的汽化潜热高、火焰传播速度慢、可燃性范围窄以及氮氧化物排放量增加,同时强调需要优化喷射策略和喷嘴设计,以增强雾化和混合。研究结果表明,液氨喷射可以显著减少温室气体排放,双燃料模式(如氨-柴油)可以有效克服氨的低反应性。研究表明,低压和高压双燃油喷射模式都可以实现大幅减排,其中高压喷射具有更好的热效率和更低的NOx排放。为了提高点火效率和燃烧稳定性,人们探索了紊流射流点火、分层燃油喷射和氢共喷等创新方法。未来的研究应优先开发综合解决方案,将先进的燃烧技术、优化的发动机设计和有效的排放控制策略结合起来。学术界、工业界和政策制定者之间的合作对于推动采用氨作为可持续燃料替代品至关重要。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Engineering
Engineering Environmental Science-Environmental Engineering
自引率
1.60%
发文量
335
审稿时长
35 days
期刊介绍: Engineering, an international open-access journal initiated by the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) in 2015, serves as a distinguished platform for disseminating cutting-edge advancements in engineering R&D, sharing major research outputs, and highlighting key achievements worldwide. The journal's objectives encompass reporting progress in engineering science, fostering discussions on hot topics, addressing areas of interest, challenges, and prospects in engineering development, while considering human and environmental well-being and ethics in engineering. It aims to inspire breakthroughs and innovations with profound economic and social significance, propelling them to advanced international standards and transforming them into a new productive force. Ultimately, this endeavor seeks to bring about positive changes globally, benefit humanity, and shape a new future.
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