"A Case of Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis Presenting as Quadriplegia": A Clinical and Diagnostic Report.

Abstract

An antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated small artery vasculitis that primarily affects the skin, lungs, and heart is called eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA). It typically begins with initial respiratory symptoms like asthma and chronic sinusitis, and later progresses to systemic vasculitic issues that are linked to increased levels of eosinophils in the blood and tissues. While both central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous systems can be affected, CNS involvement is rare. Nerve damage from vasculitis in EGPA usually appears as mononeuritis multiplex and is infrequently seen as polyradiculopathy. Here, we discuss an unusual case where a patient with EGPA presented with worsening asthma, a skin rash, and a sudden quadriplegia due to involvement of the cervical spine. After all relevant investigations and findings, the patient was treated with IV rituximab along with IV corticosteroids and oral azathioprine which improved the condition including the paralysis.