Identification of Candidate Biomarkers Detected in the Urine of Racehorses After Anabolic Agent Administration: Use of Orthogonal Methods for Structural Elucidation.
C Cloteau, V Delcourt, B Loup, B Chabot, M Pescher, E Susdorf, Z Kaabia, P Garcia, M A Popot, B Le Bizec, G Dervilly, L Bailly-Chouriberry
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Biomarker identification by mass spectrometry represents a key step in the workflow of nontargeted metabolomic studies. Given the complexity of the data, this step, which must be carried out by a trained specialist, is time-consuming, and the biomarkers discovered are not always identified. While this stage is not an obstacle to the development of new screening and classification tools, it is nonetheless crucial to a better understanding of the results obtained. For this reason, the aim of this study was to perform structural elucidation of candidate biomarkers, which had previously been displayed to screen for the administration of anabolic agents in the urine of racehorses and whose robustness had been evaluated. The present study involved a combination of various analytical strategies, including enzymatic hydrolysis, high-resolution mass spectrometry and ion mobility (LC-HRMS, LC-IMS-HRMS), and in vitro experiments. Two candidate biomarkers were identified as phase II metabolites of tebuconazole, belonging to the equine exposome. This identification opens the way to further investigations into the relationship between the presence of this compound and its disruption in horse urine following anabolic agent administration. Overall, the use of orthogonal approaches provided better complementary information on the structure of the compound and ultimately enabled us to identify biomarkers with the highest possible level of confidence.
期刊介绍:
As the incidence of drugs escalates in 21st century living, their detection and analysis have become increasingly important. Sport, the workplace, crime investigation, homeland security, the pharmaceutical industry and the environment are just some of the high profile arenas in which analytical testing has provided an important investigative tool for uncovering the presence of extraneous substances.
In addition to the usual publishing fare of primary research articles, case reports and letters, Drug Testing and Analysis offers a unique combination of; ‘How to’ material such as ‘Tutorials’ and ‘Reviews’, Speculative pieces (‘Commentaries’ and ‘Perspectives'', providing a broader scientific and social context to the aspects of analytical testing), ‘Annual banned substance reviews’ (delivering a critical evaluation of the methods used in the characterization of established and newly outlawed compounds).
Rather than focus on the application of a single technique, Drug Testing and Analysis employs a unique multidisciplinary approach to the field of controversial compound determination. Papers discussing chromatography, mass spectrometry, immunological approaches, 1D/2D gel electrophoresis, to name just a few select methods, are welcomed where their application is related to any of the six key topics listed below.