The National Burden of Influenza-Associated Respiratory Illness Among Children Aged <5 Years in Niger, 2015–2018

IF 4.2 4区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI:10.1111/irv.70160

Adamou Lagare, William W. Davis, Neha N. Patel, Goumbi Kadade, Jean Testa, Saidou Mamadou, Julia Fitzner, Stefano Tempia, A. Danielle Iuliano

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background

Influenza contributes substantially to severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, few countries have estimated influenza disease burden, especially middle and low-income countries. Burden data are important to understand the impacts of illness on the population and to inform interventions. Currently, Niger has no recommendations for seasonal influenza vaccination or antiviral use. We estimated the national number and rates of SARI and influenza-associated SARI hospitalizations, mild/moderate illness, and death among children aged < 5 years in Niger.

Methods

We utilized influenza surveillance data among children aged < 5 years hospitalized with SARI at three sentinel hospitals located in Niamey during 2015–2018 along with estimated catchment area population data to calculate the influenza-associated SARI hospitalization rates per 100,000 population. Rates were calculated for age groups < 1, 1–4, and < 5 years using the World Health Organization (WHO) methods and a hospital admission survey; then, we extrapolated the estimates nationally. We also used the influenza burden pyramid tool developed by WHO and the John Hopkins Center for Health Security to estimate influenza-associated mild/moderate illnesses and influenza-associated deaths for Niger.

Results

Influenza viruses were detected in 175/1796 (9.7%) specimens collected and tested during the study period from children aged < 5 years at the three SARI sentinel surveillance sites. The influenza percentage positive was 7.7% (58/754) among infants aged < 1 year and 11.3% (117/1038) among children aged 1–4 years. The estimated mean annual national number of SARI hospitalizations among children aged < 5 years was 16,406 (95% CI: 15,117–17,779) and the estimated SARI hospitalization rate per 100,000 population was 405.3 (95% CI: 373.5–439.2). The estimated mean annual national number of influenza-associated SARI hospitalizations among children aged < 5 years was 1484 (95% CI: 1162–1813; rate: 36.7; 95% CI: 28.7–44.8). The estimated mean annual national number of influenza-associated mild illnesses, hospitalized patients, and deaths among children aged < 5 years in Niger was 218,030 (95% CI: 43,303–527,236), 1261 (95% CI: 38–3271), 223 (95% CI: 22–614), and 15 (95% CI: 6–373) respectively.

Conclusions

’This study estimated a substantial influenza disease burden among children aged < 5 years in Niger, highlighting, for decision makers, the importance of resource allocation and public health interventions like vaccination. Future efforts should consider estimating the potential cost–benefit of implementing prevention and control measures (e.g., influenza vaccine or antivirals) among children aged 6–59 months in Niger.

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2015-2018年尼日尔5岁以下儿童流感相关呼吸道疾病国家负担

背景：流感是全球严重急性呼吸道感染（SARI）发病率和死亡率的主要原因。然而，很少有国家对流感疾病负担进行了估计，特别是中低收入国家。负担数据对于了解疾病对人口的影响和为干预措施提供信息非常重要。目前，尼日尔没有关于季节性流感疫苗接种或抗病毒药物使用的建议。我们估计了尼日尔5岁以下儿童中SARI和流感相关的SARI住院、轻/中度疾病和死亡的全国数量和比率。方法：我们利用2015-2018年在尼亚美三家哨点医院因急性呼吸道感染住院的5岁以下儿童的流感监测数据，以及估计的集水区人口数据，计算每10万人中与流感相关的急性呼吸道感染住院率。采用世界卫生组织（WHO）方法和住院调查计算< 1岁、1-4岁和< 5岁年龄组的发病率；然后，我们在全国范围内进行外推。我们还使用世卫组织和约翰霍普金斯卫生安全中心开发的流感负担金字塔工具来估计尼日尔与流感相关的轻/中度疾病和与流感相关的死亡。结果：在研究期间，在三个严重急性呼吸道感染哨点监测点收集和检测的5岁以下儿童标本中，有175/1796例（9.7%）检出流感病毒。1岁以下婴儿流感阳性率为7.7%(58/754)，1-4岁儿童流感阳性率为11.3%（117/1038）。据估计，全国5岁以下儿童SARI住院的年平均人数为16,406人（95% CI: 15,117-17,779），每10万人SARI住院率估计为405.3人（95% CI: 373.5-439.2）。据估计，全国5岁以下儿童因流感相关的急性呼吸道感染住院的平均人数为1484人（95% CI: 1162-1813；发生率：36.7;95% CI: 28.7-44.8）。尼日尔5岁以下儿童中与流感相关的轻微疾病、住院患者和死亡的估计平均年全国人数分别为218,030人（95% CI: 43,303-527,236）、1261人（95% CI: 38-3271）、223人（95% CI: 22-614）和15人（95% CI: 6-373）。结论：“这项研究估计了尼日尔5岁以下儿童的流感疾病负担，强调了决策者资源分配和疫苗接种等公共卫生干预措施的重要性。”今后的努力应考虑估计在尼日尔6-59个月儿童中实施预防和控制措施（如流感疫苗或抗病毒药物）的潜在成本效益。

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来源期刊

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 医学-病毒学

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

4.50%

发文量

120

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is the official journal of the International Society of Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Diseases - an independent scientific professional society - dedicated to promoting the prevention, detection, treatment, and control of influenza and other respiratory virus diseases. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is an Open Access journal. Copyright on any research article published by Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Wiley a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any third party the right to use the article freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.