Wansu Chen, Dan Xu, Xueting Shao, Qingxia Song, Renshou Chen
{"title":"Meta-analysis of the effects of semaglutide on body mass index (BMI) and blood lipid levels in polycystic ovary syndrome patients.","authors":"Wansu Chen, Dan Xu, Xueting Shao, Qingxia Song, Renshou Chen","doi":"10.1080/09513590.2025.2553052","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine-metabolic disorder in reproductive-aged women, often associated with obesity and dyslipidemia. Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), improves glycemic control and weight, but its effects on PCOS remain unclear. This meta-analysis evaluates semaglutide's impact on BMI and blood lipids in PCOS patients. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP, and gray literature sources for RCTs (2010-2025) comparing semaglutide vs. placebo/conventional treatment in PCOS patients. The outcomes included BMI, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-C, and HDL-C. The data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4, with mean differences (MD) and 95% CIs were calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed via I². Eight RCTs (526 patients) were included. Semaglutide significantly reduced BMI (MD: -2.20 kg/m², 95% CI: -2.42 to -1.97, <i>P</i> < 0.001), TC (MD: -0.42 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.46 to -0.39, <i>P </i>< 0.0001), TG (MD: -0.35 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.38 to -0.32, <i>P </i>< 0.0001), and LDL-C (MD: -0.31 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.35 to -0.27, <i>P </i>< 0.0001), but not HDL-C (<i>P</i> = 0.8524). Subgroup analysis showed greater efficacy at doses ≥ 1.0 mg/week and in patients with a baseline BMI > 28 kg/m². Overall evidence quality was moderate to low based on GRADE assessment. Semaglutide significantly improves BMI and lipid profiles in PCOS, particularly at higher doses, and in obese patients. Further long-term studies are needed to confirm safety and reproductive outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12865,"journal":{"name":"Gynecological Endocrinology","volume":"41 1","pages":"2553052"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Gynecological Endocrinology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2025.2553052","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/9/17 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine-metabolic disorder in reproductive-aged women, often associated with obesity and dyslipidemia. Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), improves glycemic control and weight, but its effects on PCOS remain unclear. This meta-analysis evaluates semaglutide's impact on BMI and blood lipids in PCOS patients. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO ICTRP, and gray literature sources for RCTs (2010-2025) comparing semaglutide vs. placebo/conventional treatment in PCOS patients. The outcomes included BMI, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), LDL-C, and HDL-C. The data were analyzed using RevMan 5.4, with mean differences (MD) and 95% CIs were calculated. Heterogeneity was assessed via I². Eight RCTs (526 patients) were included. Semaglutide significantly reduced BMI (MD: -2.20 kg/m², 95% CI: -2.42 to -1.97, P < 0.001), TC (MD: -0.42 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.46 to -0.39, P < 0.0001), TG (MD: -0.35 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.38 to -0.32, P < 0.0001), and LDL-C (MD: -0.31 mmol/L, 95% CI: -0.35 to -0.27, P < 0.0001), but not HDL-C (P = 0.8524). Subgroup analysis showed greater efficacy at doses ≥ 1.0 mg/week and in patients with a baseline BMI > 28 kg/m². Overall evidence quality was moderate to low based on GRADE assessment. Semaglutide significantly improves BMI and lipid profiles in PCOS, particularly at higher doses, and in obese patients. Further long-term studies are needed to confirm safety and reproductive outcomes.
期刊介绍:
Gynecological Endocrinology , the official journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology, covers all the experimental, clinical and therapeutic aspects of this ever more important discipline. It includes, amongst others, papers relating to the control and function of the different endocrine glands in females, the effects of reproductive events on the endocrine system, and the consequences of endocrine disorders on reproduction