Association of dietary fibre with type 2 diabetes risk is modified by transcription factor 7 like 2 genotype in men with impaired fasting glucose: The T2D-GENE study

IF 7.4 2区医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Clinical nutrition Pub Date : 2025-09-09 DOI:10.1016/j.clnu.2025.09.002

Ulla K. Tolonen , Maria A. Lankinen , Markku Laakso , Ursula S. Schwab

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background & aims

Dietary fibre helps prevent type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the effect could be affected by a risk allele T of the transcription factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2) gene. We investigated the effects of a group-based, 3-year T2D-GENE diet and exercise intervention on dietary fibre intake and if fibre intake was associated with T2D risk and plasma glucose parameters. We also investigated if the TCF7L2 rs7903146 genotype modified the effects of fibre.

Methods

A 3-year lifestyle intervention with Finnish men having impaired fasting glucose, aged 50–75 years. We measured fibre intake with 4-day food records (FR) and used plasma alkylresorcinol measurements for fibre intake validation. The participants (n = 558) were categorised into low (<3 g/MJ) and high (≥3 g/MJ) fibre intake group. We measured glucose parameters with a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test and stratified participants by the TCF7L2 genotype.

Results

The intervention increased the proportion of participants with fibre intake ≥3 g/MJ (45 % at baseline vs. 64 % at the end of the intervention, p < 0.001). Higher fibre intake associated with lower risk for T2D in all participants (hazard ratio [HR] 0.46 (95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.23; 0.94), adjusted with age, body mass index, exercise, smoking, alcohol consumption, saturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acid, and polyunsaturated fatty acid intake), especially in the TCF7L2 rs7903146 risk allele carriers (HR 0.06 (95 % CI 0.01; 0.36), the adjusted model). The increase of fasting plasma glucose and glucose area under the curve and the decrease of disposition index were attenuated in the T allele carriers with fibre intake of ≥3 g/MJ as compared to the participants not reaching the fibre target (p = 0.01, p = 0.012, p = 0.013, respectively).

Conclusion

Group-based lifestyle intervention increased dietary fibre intake. Higher fibre intake benefited especially the risk allele carriers in TCF7L2 rs7903146 gene. T2D-GENE study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02709057.

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在空腹血糖受损的男性中，转录因子7 like 2基因型修饰了膳食纤维与2型糖尿病风险的关联：t2d基因研究

背景与目的：膳食纤维有助于预防2型糖尿病（T2D），但其效果可能受到转录因子7 like 2 （TCF7L2）基因的风险等位基因T的影响。我们研究了基于组的3年T2D基因饮食和运动干预对膳食纤维摄入量的影响，以及纤维摄入量是否与T2D风险和血糖参数相关。我们还研究了TCF7L2 rs7903146基因型是否改变了纤维的效果。方法：对50-75岁的芬兰空腹血糖受损男性进行为期3年的生活方式干预。我们使用4天食物记录（FR）测量纤维摄入量，并使用血浆烷基间苯二酚测量纤维摄入量验证。参与者（n = 558）被分类为低(结果：干预增加了纤维摄入量≥3 g/MJ的参与者的比例（基线时45%，干预结束时64%，p < 0.001）。在所有参与者中，较高的纤维摄入量与较低的T2D风险相关（风险比[HR] 0.46(95%可信区间[CI] 0.23; 0.94)，根据年龄、体重指数、运动、吸烟、饮酒、饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸摄入进行调整），尤其是在TCF7L2 rs7903146风险等位基因携带者中（风险比0.06 (95% CI 0.01; 0.36)，调整后的模型）。纤维摄入量≥3 g/MJ的T等位基因携带者的空腹血糖、曲线下葡萄糖面积的升高和处置指数的下降较未达到纤维目标的受试者有所减弱（p = 0.01, p = 0.012, p = 0.013）。结论：以群体为基础的生活方式干预增加了膳食纤维摄入量。较高的纤维摄入量尤其有利于TCF7L2 rs7903146基因的风险等位基因携带者。T2D-GENE研究已在clinicaltrials.gov注册为NCT02709057。

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来源期刊

Clinical nutrition 医学-营养学

CiteScore

14.10

自引率

6.30%

发文量

356

审稿时长

28 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Nutrition, the official journal of ESPEN, The European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, is an international journal providing essential scientific information on nutritional and metabolic care and the relationship between nutrition and disease both in the setting of basic science and clinical practice. Published bi-monthly, each issue combines original articles and reviews providing an invaluable reference for any specialist concerned with these fields.