Chloroxylenol disrupts Rana chensinensis tadpoles metabolic homeostasis via gut microbiota-dysregulated: A multi-omics perspective

IF 4.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 MARINE & FRESHWATER BIOLOGY

Aquatic Toxicology Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI:10.1016/j.aquatox.2025.107576

Yue Zhang , Zhaoyang Jiang , Jiayi Li , Fengbang Wang , Yalin Liu , Maoyong Song , Xinyi Li

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Chloroxylenol (para‑chloro-meta-xylenol, PCMX), a widely used disinfectant with increasingly detected in aquatic systems, poses understudied risks to aquatic organisms, particularly regarding intestinal health. This study systematically evaluated the multilevel toxicity of environmentally relevant PCMX concentrations (1.43, 14.3, 143 μg/L) in Rana chensinensis tadpoles through chronic exposure from Gosner stage 26 to 38. Following chronic exposure PCMX induced morphological changes, intestinal histopathological damage and decreased the activities of intestinal digestive enzymes (α-amylase, pepsin, trypsin). 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that PCMX exposure altered the structure and composition of tadpole intestinal microbiota. Transcriptomic analysis identified disruptions in smooth muscle contraction regulators and metabolic pathways, which had a negative impact on tadpole growth and development. These multilevel disruptions collectively suggest that PCMX interferes with nutrient absorption, microbial homeostasis, and metabolic regulation, impairing tadpole gut health and ultimately disrupting normal amphibian development. This study provides novel evidence that chronic PCMX exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations compromises amphibian larval development, highlighting the need for enhanced environmental monitoring and regulatory considerations.

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氯二酚通过肠道微生物群失调破坏中国林蛙蝌蚪代谢稳态：多组学视角。

氯二甲酚（对氯-间二甲酚，PCMX）是一种广泛使用的消毒剂，越来越多地在水生系统中被发现，它对水生生物构成的风险尚未得到充分研究，特别是对肠道健康的风险。本研究系统评价了环境相关PCMX浓度（1.43、14.3、143 μg/L）对中国林蛙蝌蚪从Gosner期26 ~ 38期慢性暴露的多水平毒性。慢性暴露后，PCMX会引起肠道形态学改变、组织病理学损伤，并降低肠道消化酶（α-淀粉酶、胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶）的活性。16S rRNA测序显示PCMX暴露改变了蝌蚪肠道微生物群的结构和组成。转录组学分析确定了平滑肌收缩调节因子和代谢途径的中断，这对蝌蚪的生长和发育有负面影响。这些多层次的干扰共同表明，PCMX干扰营养吸收、微生物稳态和代谢调节，损害蝌蚪肠道健康，最终破坏正常的两栖动物发育。这项研究提供了新的证据，证明长期暴露于环境相关浓度的PCMX会损害两栖动物幼虫的发育，强调了加强环境监测和监管考虑的必要性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Aquatic Toxicology 环境科学-毒理学

CiteScore

7.10

自引率

4.40%

发文量

250

审稿时长

56 days

期刊介绍： Aquatic Toxicology publishes significant contributions that increase the understanding of the impact of harmful substances (including natural and synthetic chemicals) on aquatic organisms and ecosystems. Aquatic Toxicology considers both laboratory and field studies with a focus on marine/ freshwater environments. We strive to attract high quality original scientific papers, critical reviews and expert opinion papers in the following areas: Effects of harmful substances on molecular, cellular, sub-organismal, organismal, population, community, and ecosystem level; Toxic Mechanisms; Genetic disturbances, transgenerational effects, behavioral and adaptive responses; Impacts of harmful substances on structure, function of and services provided by aquatic ecosystems; Mixture toxicity assessment; Statistical approaches to predict exposure to and hazards of contaminants The journal also considers manuscripts in other areas, such as the development of innovative concepts, approaches, and methodologies, which promote the wider application of toxicological datasets to the protection of aquatic environments and inform ecological risk assessments and decision making by relevant authorities.