On the Teleportation Superiority in Noisy Environments

Abstract

Quantum teleportation needs a pre-shared entanglement; that entanglement distribution needs a quantum channel connecting the sender and receiver. If the primary goal is quantum state transmission, why not send the state directly instead of using it for entanglement pre-distribution? While quantum teleportation is often considered superior, no work has explicitly shown that superiority. To explore this, we developed a toy model incorporating bit-flip, phase-flip, depolarizing, amplitude-damping, and phase-damping noise. We assumed that the decoherence rate parameters are linearly proportional to distance or time. We calculated the fidelity of the teleported state affected by these noises and compared it to that of direct state transmission, which serves as the benchmark for evaluating teleportation performance. Our results showed that teleportation performs better in distance-dependent scenarios, but not in time-dependent ones. In the latter, teleportation is superior at higher noise parameters but loses its superiority in the lower noise parameters. Lastly, we briefly discuss a physical system that may be compatible with the proposed noise toy model.