An Experimental System to Evaluate Dynamic Double-Direct Slip Process of Stressed Fault

IF 1.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MECHANICAL
Y. Xu, P. Dong, C. Wang, Y. Zhou, W. Yao, K. Xia
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Earthquake is one of the most devastating natural hazards, causing severe consequences worldwide. The direct shear tests provided practical approaches to reveal the shear instability and failure of faults. The undesired friction between the normal loading platen and the specimen edge in the direct shear testing system has a nonnegligible influence on accurately observing the shear rupture process and the slip mechanism of faults or rock discontinuities. Consequently, the instability and failure process of geomaterial discontinuities has been widely evaluated using the double-direct shear tests under static loading. Meanwhile, the dynamic shear rupture and slip process on the fault under in-situ stresses is crucially responsible for investigating the rupture speeds, rupture propagation, and rupture mechanism of the discontinuities. However, the existing double-direct shear methodology and system are not valid for conducting dynamic double-direct shear experiments under high loading rate conditions. Thus, to evaluate the dynamic slip process of discontinuities, a novel dynamic double-direct shear experimental methodology was proposed in this study. The Hopkinson bar is used to exert dynamic shear force on the discontinuities, and the biaxial static loading system is designed to apply normal stress on the discontinuities. The 2D displacement field of the double-fault structure under dynamic loading conditions is quantified to reveal the dynamic slip process of faults. The results indicate that both the dynamic loading rate and the normal stress have considerable effects on the peak shear stress of faults. The displacement of the upper discontinuity is almost identical to that of the bottom discontinuity during the dynamic shear process, demonstrating that this testing system can observe the dynamic shear rupture without the undesired friction. The slip displacements of these two discontinuities are rate-dependent, and the normal stresses effect on the displacement field of these two faults is revealed. Therefore, the proposed dynamic double-direct shear experimental methodology can quantitatively observe the dynamic shear and slip process of faults. This system can be extended to investigate other dynamic responses of faults under complex stress states.

应力断层动态双直接滑移过程的实验系统研究
地震是最具破坏性的自然灾害之一,在世界范围内造成严重后果。直剪试验为揭示断层的剪切失稳和破坏提供了实用的方法。在直剪试验系统中,法向加载板与试样边缘之间的摩擦对准确观测剪切破裂过程和断层或岩石不连续面滑动机制有着不可忽视的影响。因此,岩土结构面在静荷载作用下的失稳破坏过程已被广泛应用于双直剪试验。同时,断层在地应力作用下的动态剪切破裂和滑动过程对研究结构面破裂速度、破裂扩展和破裂机制至关重要。然而,现有的双直剪方法和体系并不适用于高加载速率条件下的动态双直剪试验。为此,本文提出了一种新的动态双直剪试验方法,以评价结构面动态滑动过程。Hopkinson杆用于对结构面施加动剪切力,双轴静加载系统用于对结构面施加正应力。定量分析了动加载条件下双断层结构的二维位移场,揭示了断层的动态滑动过程。结果表明,动加载速率和正应力对断层峰值剪应力均有较大影响。在动剪切过程中,上部结构面的位移与底部结构面的位移几乎相同,说明该测试系统可以在没有不良摩擦的情况下观察到动剪切破裂。这两个断层的滑动位移是速率相关的,并揭示了正应力对这两个断层位移场的影响。因此,本文提出的动态双直剪实验方法可以定量观察断层的动态剪切和滑动过程。该系统可以扩展到研究复杂应力状态下断层的其他动态响应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Experimental Techniques
Experimental Techniques 工程技术-材料科学:表征与测试
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
6.20%
发文量
88
审稿时长
5.2 months
期刊介绍: Experimental Techniques is a bimonthly interdisciplinary publication of the Society for Experimental Mechanics focusing on the development, application and tutorial of experimental mechanics techniques. The purpose for Experimental Techniques is to promote pedagogical, technical and practical advancements in experimental mechanics while supporting the Society''s mission and commitment to interdisciplinary application, research and development, education, and active promotion of experimental methods to: - Increase the knowledge of physical phenomena - Further the understanding of the behavior of materials, structures, and systems - Provide the necessary physical observations necessary to improve and assess new analytical and computational approaches.
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